Abstract: A liquidity charge may be determined and added to a performance bond value for a portfolio. The resulting sum may then represent an augmented performance bond value that compensates for expected liquidation cost associated with the portfolio. Liquidation charge data may be stored for each of multiple portfolio types. For each of those portfolio types, the stored data may define possible input values for a pre-augmentation performance bond and liquidity charges based on any of the possible input values. That data may then be used to determine a liquidity charge based on the pre-augmentation performance bond value.

Abstract: A margin requirement determination for a financial product, a market price of which varies with volatility of a market value of an underlying instrument, includes determining a realized variance of the market value for each completed trading interval based on return data for the underlying instrument, calculating, for each completed trading interval, a respective implied variance of the financial product based on option trade data for the underlying instrument, computing a respective loss risk value for a corresponding trading interval of the completed trading intervals, each respective loss risk value being derived from a first deviation between the realized variance of the corresponding trading interval and the implied variance of a preceding completed trading interval, and a second deviation between the implied variance of the corresponding trading interval and a succeeding completed trading interval, and determining the margin requirement based on a subset of the loss risk values.