Abstract: An information retrieval system stores and retrieves documents using particles and a particle-based language model A set of particles for a collection of documents in a particular language is constructed from training documents such that a perplexity of the particle-based language model is substantially lower than the perplexity of a word-based language model constructed from the same training documents. The documents can then be converted to document particle graphs from which particle-based keys are extracted to form an index to the documents. Users can then retrieve relevant documents using queries also in the form of particle graphs.

Abstract: A computer implemented method facilitates a user interaction via a speech-based user interface. The method acquires spoken input from a user in a form of a phrase of one or more words. It further determines, using a plurality of different domains) whether the phrase is a query or a command. If the phrase is the query the method retrieves and presents relevant items from a plurality of databases. If the phrase is a command, the method performs an operation.

Abstract: A system differentiates user controls by arranging a conductive surface in a close approximation to each control. A transmitter is connected to the conductive surfaces. The transmitter emits a unique signal to each conductive surface. Electrodes are arranged in close proximity to users of the controls, and a receiver is connected to each corresponding electrode. A particular user is associated with a particular control when the particular user is capacitively coupled to a particular conductive surface via the electrode, the receiver and the transmitter. Images are displayed to the users using display devices. The display devices present concurrently multiple images to multiple users. The controls may include virtual controls displayed as icons on a touch-sensitive surface displaying the images.

Abstract: A system differentiates user controls by arranging a conductive surface in a close approximation to each control. A transmitter is connected to the conductive surfaces. The transmitter emits a unique signal to each conductive surface. Electrodes are arranged in close proximity to users of the controls, and a receiver is connected to each corresponding electrode. A particular user is associated with a particular control when the particular user is capacitively coupled to a particular conductive surface via the electrode, the receiver and the transmitter.

Abstract: A centralized computer network management system that simultaneously configures and monitors computers in a computer network. The computer network management system allows a network administrator to describe the computer network according to both its physical topology and logical groups of machines and users in the computer network. Each network device, computer, or groups of network devices and computers can be associated with one or more rules which define configuration parameters. These rules may be inherited by machines through both the physical and logical relationships of the machines in the computer network. This centralized administration of the computer network simplifies the task of configuring and monitoring the network. All machines in the computer network also can be configured or monitored simultaneously.