Abstract: A focal tissue stimulator is provided that includes a pair of concentric conductors. The conductors may include an inner conductor, and an outer conductor that has an elliptical annular shape and surrounds the inner conductor. The outer conductor may have a minor axis and a mutually-perpendicular, major axis, with a first portion of the outer conductor proximate the minor axis being closer in proximity to the inner conductor than a second portion of the outer conductor proximate the major axis. In this regard, the inner and outer conductors may be coupled or couplable to respective leads configured to deliver current for passage therebetween, with the elliptical annular shape of the outer conductor creating a pathway of increased current density at the first portion relative to the second portion.

Abstract: A focal tissue stimulator is provided that includes a pair of concentric conductors. The conductors may include an inner conductor, and an outer conductor that has an elliptical annular shape and surrounds the inner conductor. The outer conductor may have a minor axis and a mutually-perpendicular, major axis, with a first portion of the outer conductor proximate the minor axis being closer in proximity to the inner conductor than a second portion of the outer conductor proximate the major axis. In this regard, the inner and outer conductors may be coupled or couplable to respective leads configured to deliver current for passage therebetween, with the elliptical annular shape of the outer conductor creating a pathway of increased current density at the first portion relative to the second portion.

Abstract: An electromagnetic shield apparatus is provided for an existing electrosurgical unit (ESU) including a pencil assembly and return pad assembly. The pencil assembly includes a pencil, pencil-assembly cable and terminal couplable to the ESU, and the return pad assembly includes a return pad, return-pad-assembly cable and return-pad-assembly terminal couplable to the ESU. The electromagnetic shield apparatus includes an electrically-conductive shield, a low-impedance, electrically-passive termination jumper and an insulated, low-impedance conductive cable. The electrically-conductive shield is configured for placement over the pencil-assembly cable to thereby cover and extend coaxially with the pencil-assembly cable. The termination jumper is couplable to and between the return-pad-assembly terminal and ESU, and the conductive cable is coupled to and between the electrically-conductive shield and termination jumper.