Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods for generating three-dimensional (3D) objects. The methods may comprise generating a green part corresponding to the 3D object. The green part may comprise a plurality of particles and reactants for conducting a self-propagating reaction. The reactants may be used to conduct a self-propagating reaction that generates heat sufficient to de-bind or pre-sinter the green part. External heat may be supplied to the green part to sinter the plurality of particles, thereby yielding the 3D object. The disclosure also provides methods for generating a 3D object using a resin. The methods may comprise using the resin to generate a green part, heating the green part at a first temperature to decompose a binder in the green part, heating the green part at a second temperature to decompose a polymeric material in the green part, and sintering the green part to yield the 3D object.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides mixtures, systems, and methods for printing a three-dimensional (3D) object. In some aspects, the present disclosure provides a mixture for printing a 3D object, comprising a plurality of granulated particles. In some aspects, the present disclosure provides a mixture for printing a 3D object, comprising a plurality of precursor compounds configured to react to form a plurality of particles.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides method and systems for printing a three-dimensional (3D) object. A method for 3D printing may comprise providing a mixture comprising (i) a polymeric precursor, (ii) a photoinitiator configured to initiate formation of a polymeric material from the polymeric precursor, and (iii) a photoinhibitor configured to inhibit the formation of the polymeric precursor. The method may comprise exposing the mixture to (i) a first light to cause the photoinitiator to initiate formation of the polymeric material, thereby to print the 3D object, and (ii) a second light to cause the photoinhibitor to inhibit the formation of the polymeric material. During printing of the 3D object, a ratio of (i) an energy of the second light sufficient to initiate formation of the polymeric material relative to (ii) an energy of the first light sufficient to initiate formation of the polymeric material may be greater than 1.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a thermal management device comprising a vapor chamber, a heat pipe in fluid communication with the vapor chamber, and a fin in thermal contact with the heat pipe. The vapor chamber may contain a first working fluid and may facilitate transfer of thermal energy from a source of thermal energy to the first working fluid. The fin may comprise a fluid flow path configured to direct a second working fluid from a first opening to a second opening. The first opening may be oriented along a first direction of flow towards the fin, and the second opening may be oriented along a second direction different than the first direction. The heat pipe may direct the first working fluid from the vapor chamber through the heat pipe and may facilitate transfer of thermal energy from the first working fluid to the fin or the second working fluid.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods for generating three-dimensional (3D) objects. The methods may comprise generating a green part corresponding to the 3D object. The green part may comprise a plurality of particles and reactants for conducting a self-propagating reaction. The reactants may be used to conduct a self-propagating reaction that generates heat sufficient to de-bind or pre-sinter the green part. External heat may be supplied to the green part to sinter the plurality of particles, thereby yielding the 3D object. The disclosure also provides methods for generating a 3D object using a resin. The methods may comprise using the resin to generate a green part, heating the green part at a first temperature to decompose a binder in the green part, heating the green part at a second temperature to decompose a polymeric material in the green part, and sintering the green part to yield the 3D object.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system for printing a three-dimensional object. The system may comprise an open platform configured to hold a film of a viscous liquid comprising a photoactive resin. The open platform may comprise a print window. The system may comprise a deposition head comprising a nozzle in fluid communication with a source of the viscous liquid. The deposition head may be configured to move across the platform and deposit the film over the print window. The system may use multiple viscous liquids. The system may comprise an optical source that provides light through the print window for curing at least a portion of the film of the viscous liquid. The system may comprise a controller operatively coupled to direct movement of the deposition head and projection of the light, thereby printing at least a portion of the 3D object.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods, systems, and apparatuses relating to hardware configurations for performing multi-wavelength three dimensional (3D) printing using photoinhibition. In at least one aspect, a system for 3D printing comprises a reservoir capable of holding a liquid including a photoactive resin, a build head that undergoes relative motion within the reservoir during 3D printing of a 3D object on the build head, a light projection device that projects a photoinitiation light beam at a first wavelength into a build area within the liquid, and a plurality of light sources arranged with respect to the light projection device and the reservoir that project a plurality of photoinhibiting light beams into the build area at a second wavelength. Each of the plurality of photoinhibition light beams may be projected at a peak intensity in a different respective position in the build area.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system for printing a three-dimensional object. The system may comprise an open platform configured to hold a film of a viscous liquid comprising a photoactive resin. The open platform may comprise a print window. The system may comprise a deposition head comprising a nozzle in fluid communication with a source of the viscous liquid. The deposition head may be configured to move across the platform and deposit the film over the print window. The system may use multiple viscous liquids. The system may comprise an optical source that provides light through the print window for curing at least a portion of the film of the viscous liquid. The system may comprise a controller operatively coupled to direct movement of the deposition head and projection of the light, thereby printing at least a portion of the 3D object.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides method and systems for printing a three-dimensional (3D) object. A method for 3D printing may comprise providing a mixture comprising (i) a polymeric precursor, (ii) a photoinitiator configured to initiate formation of a polymeric material from the polymeric precursor, and (iii) a photoinhibitor configured to inhibit the formation of the polymeric precursor. The method may comprise exposing the mixture to (i) a first light to cause the photoinitiator to initiate formation of the polymeric material, thereby to print the 3D object, and (ii) a second light to cause the photoinhibitor to inhibit the formation of the polymeric material. During printing of the 3D object, a ratio of (i) an energy of the second light sufficient to initiate formation of the polymeric material relative to (ii) an energy of the first light sufficient to initiate formation of the polymeric material may be greater than 1.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system for printing a three-dimensional object. The system may comprise an open platform configured to hold a film of a viscous liquid comprising a photoactive resin. The open platform may comprise a print window. The system may comprise a deposition head comprising a nozzle in fluid communication with a source of the viscous liquid. The deposition head may be configured to move across the platform and deposit the film over the print window. The system may use multiple viscous liquids. The system may comprise an optical source that provides light through the print window for curing at least a portion of the film of the viscous liquid. The system may comprise a controller operatively coupled to direct movement of the deposition head and projection of the light, thereby printing at least a portion of the 3D object.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system for printing a three-dimensional object. The system may comprise an open platform configured to hold a film of a viscous liquid comprising a photoactive resin. The open platform may comprise a print window. The system may comprise a deposition head comprising a nozzle in fluid communication with a source of the viscous liquid. The deposition head may be configured to move across the platform and deposit the film over the print window. The system may use multiple viscous liquids. The system may comprise an optical source that provides light through the print window for curing at least a portion of the film of the viscous liquid. The system may comprise a controller operatively coupled to direct movement of the deposition head and projection of the light, thereby printing at least a portion of the 3D object.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system for printing a three-dimensional object. The system may comprise an open platform configured to hold a film of a viscous liquid comprising a photoactive resin. The open platform may comprise a print window. The system may comprise a deposition head comprising a nozzle in fluid communication with a source of the viscous liquid. The deposition head may be configured to move across the platform and deposit the film over the print window. The system may use multiple viscous liquids. The system may comprise an optical source that provides light through the print window for curing at least a portion of the film of the viscous liquid. The system may comprise a controller operatively coupled to direct movement of the deposition head and projection of the light, thereby printing at least a portion of the 3D object.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides method and systems for printing a three-dimensional (3D) object. A method for 3D printing may comprise providing a mixture comprising (i) a polymeric precursor, (ii) a photoinitiator configured to initiate formation of a polymeric material from the polymeric precursor, and (iii) a photoinhibitor configured to inhibit the formation of the polymeric precursor. The method may comprise exposing the mixture to (i) a first light to cause the photoinitiator to initiate formation of the polymeric material, thereby to print the 3D object, and (ii) a second light to cause the photoinhibitor to inhibit the formation of the polymeric material. During printing of the 3D object, a ratio of (i) an energy of the second light sufficient to initiate formation of the polymeric material relative to (ii) an energy of the first light sufficient to initiate formation of the polymeric material may be greater than 1.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides method and systems for printing a three-dimensional (3D) object. A method for 3D printing may comprise providing a mixture comprising (i) a polymeric precursor, (ii) a photoinitiator configured to initiate formation of a polymeric material from the polymeric precursor, and (iii) a photoinhibitor configured to inhibit the formation of the polymeric precursor. The method may comprise exposing the mixture to (i) a first light to cause the photoinitiator to initiate formation of the polymeric material, thereby to print the 3D object, and (ii) a second light to cause the photoinhibitor to inhibit the formation of the polymeric material. During printing of the 3D object, a ratio of (i) an energy of the second light sufficient to initiate formation of the polymeric material relative to (ii) an energy of the first light sufficient to initiate formation of the polymeric material may be greater than 1.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides method and systems for printing a three-dimensional (3D) object. A method for 3D printing may comprise providing a mixture comprising (i) a polymeric precursor, (ii) a photoinitiator configured to initiate formation of a polymeric material from the polymeric precursor, and (iii) a photoinhibitor configured to inhibit the formation of the polymeric precursor. The method may comprise exposing the mixture to (i) a first light to cause the photoinitiator to initiate formation of the polymeric material, thereby to print the 3D object, and (ii) a second light to cause the photoinhibitor to inhibit the formation of the polymeric material. During printing of the 3D object, a ratio of (i) an energy of the second light sufficient to initiate formation of the polymeric material relative to (ii) an energy of the first light sufficient to initiate formation of the polymeric material may be greater than 1.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods, systems, and apparatuses relating to hardware configurations for performing multi-wavelength three dimensional (3D) printing using photoinhibition. In at least one aspect, a system for 3D printing comprises a reservoir capable of holding a liquid including a photoactive resin, a build head that undergoes relative motion within the reservoir during 3D printing of a 3D object on the build head, a light projection device that projects a photoinitiation light beam at a first wavelength into a build area within the liquid, and a plurality of light sources arranged with respect to the light projection device and the reservoir that project a plurality of photoinhibiting light beams into the build area at a second wavelength. Each of the plurality of photoinhibition light beams may be projected at a peak intensity in a different respective position in the build area.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system for printing a three-dimensional object. The system may comprise an open platform configured to hold a film of a viscous liquid comprising a photoactive resin. The open platform may comprise a print window. The system may comprise a deposition head comprising a nozzle in fluid communication with a source of the viscous liquid. The deposition head may be configured to move across the platform and deposit the film over the print window. The system may use multiple viscous liquids. The system may comprise an optical source that provides light through the print window for curing at least a portion of the film of the viscous liquid. The system may comprise a controller operatively coupled to direct movement of the deposition head and projection of the light, thereby printing at least a portion of the 3D object.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system for printing a three-dimensional object. The system may comprise an open platform configured to hold a film of a viscous liquid comprising a photoactive resin. The open platform may comprise a print window. The system may comprise a deposition head comprising a nozzle in fluid communication with a source of the viscous liquid. The deposition head may be configured to move across the platform and deposit the film over the print window. The system may use multiple viscous liquids. The system may comprise an optical source that provides light through the print window for curing at least a portion of the film of the viscous liquid. The system may comprise a controller operatively coupled to direct movement of the deposition head and projection of the light, thereby printing at least a portion of the 3D object.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system for printing a three-dimensional object. The system may comprise an open platform configured to hold a film of a viscous liquid comprising a photoactive resin. The open platform may comprise a print window. The system may comprise a deposition head comprising a nozzle in fluid communication with a source of the viscous liquid. The deposition head may be configured to move across the platform and deposit the film over the print window. The system may use multiple viscous liquids. The system may comprise an optical source that provides light through the print window for curing at least a portion of the film of the viscous liquid. The system may comprise a controller operatively coupled to direct movement of the deposition head and projection of the light, thereby printing at least a portion of the 3D object.

Abstract: Herein, we describe polymerized ionic liquids, demonstrate the synthesis of polymerized ionic liquids, and demonstrate the polymerization of triazolium monomers. One embodiment shows the polymeriazation of the triazolium monomers with bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anions. In another embodiment we show the feasibility of copolymerizing with commodity monomers such as styrene using free radical polymerization techniques.