Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods and intermediates useful for preparing a compound of formula I: or a co-crystal, solvate, salt or combination thereof.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for accurate delivery of relatively small quantities of powdered solid materials. Preferred apparatus comprise: a primary chamber having a lateral surface extending between a first open end and a second open end; a rotating member that is positioned within the primary chamber and extends from a first position within the primary chamber to a second position within the primary chamber; a motor coupled with the rotating member and adapted to effect rotation thereof; a feed chamber having a lateral surface extending between a first open end and a second open end; and an air flow chamber coupled with the primary chamber and having a lateral surface extending between a first open end and a second open end.