Abstract: Systems and methods are provided to increase the rate at which a system can accept and process data transaction request messages. The system includes a pre-processer that filters incoming data transaction request messages prior to transmitting the messages for further processing, for example, by a matching engine. The pre-processer quickly identifies whether a new arriving data transaction request is transactable. If the new arriving data transaction request is not transactable, then the data transaction request will be transmitted and stored in a main data structure and not transmitted to the matching engine.

Abstract: Embodiments relate generally to waste receptacles and more particularly to smart waste receptacles capable of identifying waste. A waste receptacle may identify waste using machine vision and perform a task in response to identifying the waste. In an embodiment, the smart waste receptacle may instruct a user to direct the waste to one of a plurality of waste bins based on a category of the waste. In an embodiment, the smart waste receptacle may place an order to replenish the stock of a product based on the identification of waste. In an embodiment, the smart waste receptacle is created by attaching a smart device to a standard waste receptacle.

Abstract: Embodiments relate generally to waste receptacles and more particularly to smart waste receptacles capable of identifying waste. A waste receptacle may identify waste using machine vision and perform a task in response to identifying the waste. In an embodiment, the smart waste receptacle may instruct a user to direct the waste to one of a plurality of waste bins based on a category of the waste. In an embodiment, the smart waste receptacle may place an order to replenish the stock of a product based on the identification of waste. In an embodiment, the smart waste receptacle is created by attaching a smart device to a standard waste receptacle.

Abstract: Embodiments relate generally to waste receptacles and more particularly to smart waste receptacles capable of identifying waste. A waste receptacle may identify waste using machine vision and perform a task in response to identifying the waste. In an embodiment, the smart waste receptacle may instruct a user to direct the waste to one of a plurality of waste bins based on a category of the waste. In an embodiment, the smart waste receptacle may place an order to replenish the stock of a product based on the identification of waste. In an embodiment, the smart waste receptacle is created by attaching a smart device to a standard waste receptacle.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided to increase the rate at which a system can accept and process data transaction request messages. The system includes a pre-processer that filters incoming data transaction request messages prior to transmitting the messages for further processing, for example, by a matching engine. The pre-processer quickly identifies whether a new arriving data transaction request is transactable.

Abstract: An oil and gas well shaped charge perforator capable of providing an exothermic reaction after detonation is provided, having a housing, a high explosive, and a reactive liner where the high explosive is positioned between the reactive liner and the housing. The reactive liner is produced from a composition which is capable of sustaining an exothermic reaction during the formation of the cutting jet.

Abstract: An oil and gas well shaped charge perforator capable of providing an exothermic reaction after detonation is provided, comprising a housing, a high explosive, and a reactive liner where the high explosive is positioned between the reactive liner and the housing. The reactive liner is produced from a composition which is capable of sustaining an exothermic reaction during the formation of the cutting jet. The composition may be selected from any known formulation which is suitable for use in an oil and gas well perforator, typically the composition will comprise at least one metal and at least one non-metal, wherein the non-metal is selected from a metal oxide, or any non-metal from Group III or Group IV or at least two metals such as to form an intermetallic reaction. Typically at least one of the metals in the invention may be selected from Al, Ce, Li, Mg, Mo, Ni, Nb, Pb, Pd, Ta, Ti, Zn or Zr.

Abstract: An oil and gas well shaped charge perforator capable of providing an exothermic reaction after detonation is provided, comprising a housing, a high explosive, and a reactive liner where the high explosive is positioned between the reactive liner and the housing. The reactive liner is produced from a composition which is capable of sustaining an exothermic reaction during the formation of the cutting jet. The composition may be selected from any known formulation which is suitable for use in an oil and gas well perforator, typically the composition will comprise at least two metals such as to form a inter-metallic as classified by Hume-Rothery electron compounds and at least one further metal, which is not capable of an exothermic reaction with the reactive composition which is present in an amount greater than 10% w/w of the liner. Typically at least one of the metals which undergoes an exothermic reaction may be selected from Al, Ce, Li, Mg, Mo, Ni, Fe, Co, Nb, Pb, Pd, Ta, Ti, Zn or Zr.

Abstract: A liner for a shaped charge having a composition comprising greater than 90% by weight of powdered tungsten and up to 10% by weight of powered binder, the composition being formed into a substantially conically shaped body and having a crystal structure of substantially equi-axed grains with a grain size of between 25 nano-meters and 1 micron.

Abstract: An oil and gas well shaped charge perforator capable of providing an exothermic reaction after detonation is provided, comprising a housing, a high explosive, and a reactive liner where the high explosive is positioned between the reactive liner and the housing. The reactive liner is produced from a composition which is capable of sustaining an exothermic reaction during the formation of the cutting jet. The composition may be selected from any known formulation which is suitable for use in an oil and gas well perforator, typically the composition will comprise at least one metal and at least one non-metal, wherein the non-metal is selected from a metal oxide, or any non-metal from Group III or Group IV or at least two metals such as to form an intermetallic reaction. Typically at least one of the metals in the invention may be selected from Al, Ce, Li, Mg, Mo, Ni, Nb, Pb, Pd, Ta, Ti, Zn or Zr.

Abstract: This invention relates to the field of oil wells and in particular to the explosive and other devices that are used to perforate oil well casings and hydrocarbon bearing rocks in order to create channels through which oil and gas can flow into the well bore. Existing oil well perforators are either termed “big hole” perforators which are designed to produce large holes in the oil well casing only or “deep hole” perforators which are designed to perforate the casing of the well into the surrounding rocks. This invention proposes a novel “dual action” perforator capable of substantially performing the same functions as both deep hole and big hole perforators.

Abstract: A liner for a shaped charge having a composition comprising greater than 90% by weight of powdered tungsten and up to 10% by weight of powered binder, the composition being formed into a substantially conically shaped body and having a crystal structure of substantially equi-axed grains with a grain size of between 25 nano-metres and 1 micron.

Abstract: This invention relates to the field of oil wells and in particular to the explosive and other devices that are used to perforate oil well casings and hydrocarbon bearing rocks in order to create channels through which oil and gas can flow into the well bore. Existing oil well perforators are either termed “big hole” perforators which are designed to produce large holes in the oil well casing only or “deep hole” perforators which are designed to perforate the casing of the well into the surrounding rocks. This invention proposes a novel “dual action” perforator capable of substantially performing the same functions as both deep hole and big hole perforators.

Abstract: A shaped charge liner formed of a solid metallic material having a fine grain size of the order of 25 microns or less. The material can be, for example, copper, uranium, tantalum or an alloy showing superplasticity and having a density greater than about 5 gm/cm.sup.3. The liner can be made by subjecting the material to repeated cycles of cold working, annealing at just above the recrystallization temperature, and quenching.