Abstract: This invention describes topical formulations for pain relief and sleep aid that utilizes potassium salts, as the active ingredient. More specifically, the invention relates to a topical pain relief and sleep aid formulation comprising a potassium ion, as the active ingredient, electrically balanced by an anion, wherein said anion is selected from the FDAs GRAS list.

Abstract: A method for oxidizing polymeric surfaces to render them hydrophilic and more amenable to wetting is disclosed. The method comprises reacting the surface of a hydrophobic polymer with a peracid, especially Caro's acid, under conditions effective to render the surface more hydrophilic. Although strong oxidants can easily carbonize or discolor the surface of organic polymers, polymers can be rendered more hydrophilic without these problems when process conditions are carefully controlled. Specifically, treatment of the polymer surface with a peracid such as Caro's acid requires judicious selection of oxidation temperature, acid concentration, and peroxide content to achieve reaction rates that provide the desired level of hydrophilicity without charring or otherwise damaging the polymer.

Abstract: A process to improve ethanol yield, decrease fermentation time and reduce byproduct formation by monitoring and controlling oxidation reduction potential (redox) of the fermentor is disclosed.

Abstract: A process to improve ethanol yield, decrease fermentation time and reduce byproduct formation by monitoring and controlling oxidation reduction potential (redox) of the fermentor is disclosed.