Abstract: A process for preparing oxidized graphite that provides exfoliated graphene, preferably with high surface area. The process uses considerably less chlorate than previously known systems.

Abstract: A method to join pipe is disclosed using a curable one or two part adhesive composition comprising an effective amount of a boron containing initiator compound such as an organoborate, a stabilized organoborane complex, or combinations thereof; one or more monomers, oligomers, polymers or mixtures thereof having olefinic unsaturation which is capable of polymerization by free radical polymerization; and optionally a decomplexing agent. An especially preferred organoborane is one where a tertiary or quaternary nitrogen atom is bonded to the organoborane to prepare an amido-borate. In those embodiments where the nitrogen is quaternary, the quaternary nitrogen portion of the amido-borate is the cationic counter ion for the borate anion portion of the compound to which the quaternary nitrogen atom is bonded.