Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a fluid flow rate includes a main body having a fluid flow passage and a cavity adapted to receive a flow control body having two or more flow channels therethrough. The flow control body may be moved within the cavity to two or more positions, each position corresponding to fluid communication between the flow passage of the main body and a different one of the flow channels of the flow control body. The flow control body may be held in each position by a detent feature that resists movement of the flow control body until a movement force acting upon the flow control body exceeds a threshold.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a fluid flow rate includes a main body having a fluid flow passage and a cavity adapted to receive a flow control body having two or more flow channels therethrough. The flow control body may be moved within the cavity to two or more positions, each position corresponding to fluid communication between the flow passage of the main body and a different one of the flow channels of the flow control body. The flow control body may be held in each position by a detent feature that resists movement of the flow control body until a movement force acting upon the flow control body exceeds a threshold.

Abstract: An improved well drilling method for directional drilling in subterranean formations which comprises incorporating into the drilling fluid an effective amount of fibrillated hydrophobic polypropylene fibers to form a suspension and injecting the suspension into the drill string whereby debris is swept from the borehole and seepage of drilling fluid into the subterranean formation is reduced.

Abstract: A carbonaceous material that has been loaded with at least one ionic organic species or hydroxide species and at least one metal or alkaline earth metal. The ionic organic species or hydroxide species is at least one selected from the group consisting-of: fatty acids, surfactants, organic carboxyl species, organic sulfonate species, organic hydroxyl species, organic phenolic species, organic lactone species, organic amine species, or hydroxide species.