Abstract: A circuit interrupter including a current sensor having a normal sensor output and an over current detection output, a solid state switch module structured to have a closed state to allow current to flow through the circuit interrupter and an open state to interrupt current flowing through the circuit interrupter, a gate driver structured to control the solid state switch module including a desaturation function output, wherein the gate driver is structured to cause the solid state switch module to interrupt current flowing through the circuit interrupter when the DESAT function output changes to the on state, and an electronic trip circuit structured to output a trip signal to the gate driver when the normal sensor output reaches a first threshold level or the overcurrent detection output changes to the on state.

Abstract: A circuit interrupter including a current sensor having a normal sensor output and an over current detection output, a solid state switch module structured to have a closed state to allow current to flow through the circuit interrupter and an open state to interrupt current flowing through the circuit interrupter, a gate driver structured to control the solid state switch module including a desaturation function output, wherein the gate driver is structured to cause the solid state switch module to interrupt current flowing through the circuit interrupter when the DESAT function output changes to the on state, and an electronic trip circuit structured to output a tri when the normal sensor output reaches a first threshold level or the overcurrent detection output changes to the on state.

Abstract: A circuit breaker apparatus may include a housing, a circuit inside the housing for protecting the conductors and the load of the circuit, a display attached to outside of the housing, a controller, and a power control device. The display may be an electronically-alterable display that does not require power in situations other than changing its state. The power control device may provide power to the controller and the display when the apparatus is being tampered with. When the controller is powered, it may cause the power control device to cause the display to change from a state that indicates that the apparatus is authenticated to another state that indicates that the apparatus has been tampered with. The power control device may include a battery and a switch, or a power harvester, which can be configured to provide power to the controller when the apparatus is being tampered with.

Abstract: A solid state circuit breaker apparatus includes a solid state switch, a current sensor, and a control circuit. The control circuit is programmed to operate the solid state switch by, in response to receipt of a signal from the current sensor indicating that an overcurrent condition exists: (i) using pulse width modulation to generate a set of control pulses; and (ii) using the control pulses to trigger the solid state switch to open and close in a pattern that corresponds to the control pulses, and thus limit an amount of let-through current that the solid state switch may pass to a load. The amount of let-through current that the solid state switch may pass to the load may be, for example, a threshold level above which the overcurrent condition will exist.

Abstract: An isolation disconnect assembly for an insulated gate bipolar transistor assembly is provided. The isolation disconnect assembly includes a conductor assembly and a clinch joint magnetic actuator.

Abstract: An isolation disconnect assembly for an insulated gate bipolar transistor assembly is provided. The isolation disconnect assembly includes a conductor assembly and a clinch joint magnetic actuator.

Abstract: An isolation disconnect assembly for an insulated gate bipolar transistor assembly is provided. The isolation disconnect assembly includes a conductor assembly and a clinch joint magnetic actuator.

Abstract: A circuit breaker apparatus may include a housing, a circuit inside the housing for protecting the conductors and the load of the circuit, a display attached to outside of the housing, a controller, and a power control device. The display may be an electronically-alterable display that does not require power in situations other than changing its state. The power control device may provide power to the controller and the display when the apparatus is being tampered with. When the controller is powered, it may cause the power control device to cause the display to change from a state that indicates that the apparatus is authenticated to another state that indicates that the apparatus has been tampered with. The power control device may include a battery and a switch, or a power harvester, which can be configured to provide power to the controller when the apparatus is being tampered with.

Abstract: A circuit breaker apparatus may include a housing, a circuit inside the housing for protecting the conductors and the load of the circuit, a display attached to outside of the housing, a controller, and a power control device. The display may be an electronically-alterable display that does not require power in situations other than changing its state. The power control device may provide power to the controller and the display when the apparatus is being tampered with. When the controller is powered, it may cause the power control device to cause the display to change from a state that indicates that the apparatus is authenticated to another state that indicates that the apparatus has been tampered with. The power control device may include a battery and a switch, or a power harvester, which can be configured to provide power to the controller when the apparatus is being tampered with.

Abstract: There is provided a composite drive shaft fabrication apparatus comprising stiffening mold members and a cylindrical mold with receiving grooves designed to receive the elongated stiffening mold members. Also provided is a composite drive shaft made of composite fibrous material in a cylindrical shape holding the elongated stiffening mold members in place. A method for making the composite drive shaft is also provided, where a layer of composite fibrous material is wrapped around the cylindrical mold, the stiffening mold members inserted, and a second layer wrapped around the mold. The composite drive shaft consolidated and the cylindrical mold is removed. There is also provided an apparatus for use in composite drive shaft construction comprising two layers of composite fibrous material with a plurality of elongated stiffening mold members positioned between them. Also provided is a method of use for such an apparatus.

Abstract: There is provided a composite drive shaft with enhanced strength characteristics, comprising a plurality of features placed in a composite drive shaft formed from composite fibrous material. A method for making the composite drive shaft is also provided, where a first later of composite fibrous material is applied around a cylindrical mold with receiving grooves. Features are pushed through the composite material into the receiving grooves. A second layer of composite fibrous material is wrapped around the first layer, the drive shaft is consolidated, and the cylindrical mold is removed. Also provided is a method for making a composite drive shaft wherein the features are inserted into the cylindrical mold and then pushed through the first layer of composite fibrous material after said layer is wrapped around the mold and the features.

Abstract: There is provided a composite drive shaft fabrication apparatus comprising stiffening mold members and a cylindrical mold with receiving grooves designed to receive the elongated stiffening mold members. Also provided is a composite drive shaft made of composite fibrous material in a cylindrical shape holding the elongated stiffening mold members in place. A method for making the composite drive shaft is also provided, where a layer of composite fibrous material is wrapped around the cylindrical mold, the stiffening mold members inserted, and a second layer wrapped around the mold. The composite drive shaft consolidated and the cylindrical mold is removed. There is also provided an apparatus for use in composite drive shaft construction comprising two layers of composite fibrous material with a plurality of elongated stiffening mold members positioned between them. Also provided is a method of use for such an apparatus.

Abstract: There is provided a composite drive shaft with enhanced strength characteristics, comprising a plurality of features placed in a composite drive shaft formed from composite fibrous material. A method for making the composite drive shaft is also provided, where a first later of composite fibrous material is applied around a cylindrical mold with receiving grooves. Features are pushed through the composite material into the receiving grooves. A second layer of composite fibrous material is wrapped around the first layer, the drive shaft is consolidated, and the cylindrical mold is removed. Also provided is a method for making a composite drive shaft wherein the features are inserted into the cylindrical mold and then pushed through the first layer of composite fibrous material after said layer is wrapped around the mold and the features.

Abstract: A new method and apparatus for quickening in the insertion of a fish tape through a conduit by reducing the occurrence of frictional adhering. The apparatus provided in several embodiments uses flexible lubricant carrying materials having pressure sensitive fluid release characteristics affixed to the free end of a fish tape. The apparatus is saturated with a fluid lubricant prior to being inserted into an opening of the conduit and pushed. As the pressure sensitive material enters a bend in the conduit, pressure is applied to the pressure sensitive material by the long radius wall surface of the bend causing lubricant to be released. The possibility of frictional adhering of anything being pushed through the bend is greatly reduced. The apparatus moves past the well lubricated area and is immediately followed by the body of the fish tape.

Abstract: The invention provides a self-marking tape measure for hand-held use. A tape housing has a crosswise-positioned marker cartridge affixed removably in a marker cartridge channel through the housing base below the tape exit aperature. A marking substance like chalk or a soapstone composition formed into a three-surfaced triangular member with any edge being useful for marking comprises the marker cartridge. The marker cartridge is positioned in the marker cartridge channel and secured there by a spring-action snap lock. One edge of the marker cartridge protrudes downwardly through a slot in the tape housing base sufficiently to make a mark on a contacted surface when the tape housing is moved with a sideways motion. The points of two triangular sights in the upper opened walls of a tape support housing elongation are aligned with the protruding marker edge. The sights allow visual accurate tape measurements, and a sideways movement of the tape housing marks the measured position on a contacted surface.