Abstract: When utilized in a flow imaging instrument, calibration beads provide a known data source that can be employed in various self-diagnostic, calibration and quality metric applications for the both the optical system of the flow imaging instrument, as well as the flow cell of the flow imaging instrument. Such data can be used to determine point spread functions associated with an imaging system, to determine a sensitivity of an imaging system, and to determine a focal point of the imaging system. Imagery collected from calibration beads can be used to determine core size and stability and TDI/flow speed synchronization. Calibration beads can be beneficially employed to enable stable system operation, even when very low sample concentration, or very small sample sizes are to be analyzed.

Abstract: A vacuum pencil for transporting semiconductor wafers includes a relatively flat, planar frame member having an enlarged end with a circular hole formed therein. A handle is coupled to the other end of the flat frame member. A relatively flat, deformable elastic member is positioned adjacent and below the enlarged end of the flat frame member and concentric with the hole formed therein. A lever member has a relatively flat first end lying closely adjacent to the flat frame member. The flat first end of the lever member is connected to the center of the deformable elastic member, and an opposing second end of the flat frame member is adapted to be depressed by the user, thereby causing the flat first end to raise the center of the deformable elastic member.