Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions of matter comprising polyhedral structural units of empirical formula Si2O3, with silicon atoms at the vertices of the polyhedron and oxygen atoms at the center of each edge, arranged in an ordered manner with a repeat distance characteristic of such order in the range of 1 to 2 nanometers and organosilicon crosslinking groups tying these units together to form a polymeric material that exhibits Bragg reflection peaks in the X-ray region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The present invention further relates to methods of preparing such compositions. The nanocomposite materials according to the invention may be useful, for example, as electronics packaging materials, as resists for e-beam lithography, as protective coatings, as binders for refractory sands, as the matrix in polymer matrix composites and as reflective materials in soft X-ray telescopes and microscopes.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel water-soluble diphosphines having the formula ##STR1## wherein X, Y, R.sub.1-18 and n are defined herein, and which can be complexed with a transition metal to form a novel catalyst useful in such applications as hydroformylation.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel water-soluble diphosphines having the formula ##STR1## wherein X, Y, R.sub.1-18 and n are defined herein, and which can be complexed with a transition metal to form a novel catalyst useful in such applications as hydroformylation.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel a phosphine as a ligand (L) and having the formula ##STR1## wherein k, l, m, R', R", R.sub.1 -R.sub.9 and n are defined herein, and which can be complexed with a transition metal (M') and an auxiliary ligand Y to form a novel catalyst having the formula M'L.sub.x Y.sub.Z useful in such applications as hydroformylation.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel aryl diphosphines having the formula ##STR1## wherein X, Y, R.sub.1-18, m, m' and n are defined herein, and which can be complexed with a transition metal to form a novel catalyst useful in such applications as hydroformylation.

Abstract: This invention relates to a catalyst comprising a solid surface having immobilized thereon an aqueous solution of one or more organic complexes of rhodium. The catalyst is useful for promoting hydroformylation, hydrogenation and other chemical reactions in essentially water-immiscible organic liquid reactant phases.

Abstract: A process for the hydroformylation of alkenes and other olefinically unsaturated reactants by reaction with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst comprising a solid surface having immobilized thereon a solution of one or more rhodium complexes which is essentially immiscible with the organic reactant. Catalyst is subsequently recovered from the resulting hydroformylation product by one or more solid-liquid separation techniques.