Abstract: In some designs, an eye-mounted display includes multiple femtoprojectors contained inside a contact lens. Femtoprojectors that project to peripheral regions of the retina can have lower resolution. In some designs, these peripheral femtoprojector optical system includes an optically transparent core with two ends. The image source is located at one end, and a lens element is located at the other end. The end with the image source is the same size or larger than the end with the lens element. The core may be a cylinder or a frustum, for example. The sidewall structure extending between the two ends is designed to reduce stray rays from the image source. For example, the sidewall structure may absorb stray rays or may redirect rays so that they do not exit the core or so that they do not enter the pupil of the eye.

Abstract: An eye-mounted device includes a contact lens and an embedded imaging system. The front aperture of the imaging system faces away from the user's eye so that the image sensor in the imaging system detects imagery of a user's external environment. The optics for the imaging system has a folded optical path, which is advantageous for fitting the imaging system into the limited space within the contact lens. In one design, the optics for the imaging system is based on a two mirror design, with a concave mirror followed by a convex mirror.

Abstract: A system controls a brightness of an augmented reality (AR) eye-mounted device. The system includes an eye-mounted display, a photodetector system, and a controller. The eye-mounted display includes a contact lens and a femtoprojector. The femtoprojector is contained in the contact lens and is configured to project an AR image to a user's retina. The AR image is overlaid on an external scene viewed by the user through the contact lens. The photodetector system detects a brightness level of the external scene. Based on the brightness level of the external scene, the controller adjusts a brightness level of the AR image projected to the user's retina. In some embodiments, the eye-mounted display receives image data defining the AR image and the controller adjusts a bit depth of the image data based on the brightness level of the AR image.

Abstract: An eye-mounted device includes a contact lens and an embedded camera, which for convenience will be referred to as a femtocamera. The front aperture of the femtocamera faces away from the user's eye so that the image sensor in the femtocamera detects imagery of a user's external environment. The femtocamera optics has a folded optical path, which is advantageous for fitting the femtocamera into the limited space within the contact lens. In one design, the optics for the femtocamera is based on a two mirror design, with a concave mirror followed by a convex mirror. In an alternate design, the optics for the camera includes an imaging lens near the front aperture.

Abstract: An augmented reality system including a necklace and a contact lens display can be used to project information from the contact lens display onto the retina of the wearer's eye. In one example, the necklace generates a time-varying magnetic field (TVMF) that provides energy and information to the contact lens display via inductive coupling. The necklace can be configured to minimize the amount of energy absorbed by the body of the wearer while maintaining power transfer to the contact lens display. In one example, the necklace includes multiple conductive coils generating constructively interfering TVMs to effectively transmit energy while reducing the amount of energy absorbed by the human body. In another example, the necklace includes a parasitic coil generating a destructively interfering TVMF and a magnetic shield to effectively transmit energy while reducing the amount of energy absorbed by the human body.

Abstract: A pair of electronic eyeglasses includes an eyeglasses frame and an eyeglasses lens mounted within the eyeglasses frame. At least one femtoprojector is embedded within the eyeglasses lens. The femtoprojector includes an image source and an optical system that projects an image from the image source onto the retina of the wearer. The femtoprojector is small enough that is does not significantly interfere with the wearer's view through the eyeglasses lens.

Abstract: An eye-mounted device includes a contact lens and an embedded camera, which for convenience will be referred to as a femtocamera. The front aperture of the femtocamera faces away from the user's eye so that the image sensor in the femtocamera detects imagery of a user's external environment. The femtocamera optics has a folded optical path, which is advantageous for fitting the femtocamera into the limited space within the contact lens. In one design, the optics for the femtocamera is based on a two mirror design, with a concave mirror followed by a convex mirror. In an alternate design, the optics for the camera includes an imaging lens near the front aperture.

Abstract: In some designs, an eye-mounted display includes multiple femtoprojectors contained inside a contact lens. Femtoprojectors that project to peripheral regions of the retina can have lower resolution. In some designs, these peripheral femtoprojector optical system includes an optically transparent core with two ends. The image source is located at one end, and a lens element is located at the other end. The end with the image source is the same size or larger than the end with the lens element. The core may be a cylinder or a frustum, for example. The sidewall structure extending between the two ends is designed to reduce stray rays from the image source. For example, the sidewall structure may absorb stray rays or may redirect rays so that they do not exit the core or so that they do not enter the pupil of the eye.

Abstract: A variety of femtoprojector optical systems are described. Each of them can be made small enough to fit in a contact lens using plastic injection molding, diamond turning, photolithography and etching, or other techniques. Most of the systems include a solid transparent substrate with a curved primary mirror formed on one face, a secondary mirror formed on the opposite face, and an annular exit aperture located axially between the two mirrors The designs use light blocking, light-redirecting, absorbing coatings or other types of baffle structures to reduce stray light.

Abstract: A system controls a brightness of an augmented reality (AR) eye-mounted device. The system includes an eye-mounted display, a photodetector system, and a controller. The eye-mounted display includes a contact lens and a femtoprojector. The femtoprojector is contained in the contact lens and is configured to project an AR image to a user's retina. The AR image is overlaid on an external scene viewed by the user through the contact lens. The photodetector system detects a brightness level of the external scene. Based on the brightness level of the external scene, the controller adjusts a brightness level of the AR image projected to the user's retina. In some embodiments, the eye-mounted display receives image data defining the AR image and the controller adjusts a bit depth of the image data based on the brightness level of the AR image.

Abstract: An augmented reality system including a necklace and a contact lens display can be used to project information from the contact lens display onto the retina of the wearer's eye. In one example, the necklace generates a time-varying magnetic field (TVMF) that provides energy and information to the contact lens display via inductive coupling. The necklace can be configured to minimize the amount of energy absorbed by the body of the wearer while maintaining power transfer to the contact lens display. In one example, the necklace includes multiple conductive coils generating constructively interfering TVMs to effectively transmit energy while reducing the amount of energy absorbed by the human body. In another example, the necklace includes a parasitic coil generating a destructively interfering TVMF and a magnetic shield to effectively transmit energy while reducing the amount of energy absorbed by the human body.

Abstract: A pair of eye-mounted displays includes a right eye-mounted display and a right eye-mounted display. Each eye-mounted display comprises a contact lens. A femtoprojector system in each contact lens projects an image onto a retina of a user's eye when the contact lens is mounted on the user's eye. When the pair of eye-mounted displays is mounted on the user's left eye and on the user's right eye, a left-eye image is projected onto the user's left eye retina and a right-eye image is projected onto the user's right eye retina. The two projected images only partially overlap within the user's binocular visual field.

Abstract: A pair of eye-mounted displays includes a right eye-mounted display and a right eye-mounted display. Each eye-mounted display comprises a contact lens. A femtoprojector system in each contact lens projects an image onto a retina of a user's eye when the contact lens is mounted on the user's eye. When the pair of eye-mounted displays is mounted on the user's left eye and on the user's right eye, a left-eye image is projected onto the user's left eye retina and a right-eye image is projected onto the user's right eye retina. The two projected images only partially overlap within the user's binocular visual field.

Abstract: An augmented reality system including a source and a contact lens display can be used to project information from the contact lens display onto the retina of the wearer's eye. The source provides energy to the contact lens display and operates at a source frequency. The source includes a source circuit including a conductive coil. The contact lens display includes a resonant circuit including another conductive coil and a capacitive circuit. The resonant circuit receives energy from the conductive coil of the source via a magnetic field inductively coupling the conductive coils. The contact lens display additionally includes a feedback circuit to adjust the capacitance of the capacitive circuit to control a resonant frequency of the resonant circuit. The feedback circuit can control the capacitive circuit to maintain the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit near the source frequency as the wearer's eye blinks.

Abstract: A variety of femtoprojector optical systems are described. Each of them can be made small enough to fit in a contact lens using plastic injection molding, diamond turning, photolithography and etching, or other techniques. Most, but not all, of the systems include a solid cylindrical transparent substrate with a curved primary mirror formed on one end and a secondary mirror formed on the other end. Any of the designs may use light blocking, light-redirecting, absorbing coatings or other types of baffle structures as needed to reduce stray light.

Abstract: A variety of femtoprojector optical systems are described. Each of them can be made small enough to fit in a contact lens using plastic injection molding, diamond turning, photolithography and etching, or other techniques. Most, but not all, of the systems include a solid cylindrical transparent substrate with a curved primary mirror formed on one end and a secondary mirror formed on the other end. Any of the designs may use light blocking, light-redirecting, absorbing coatings or other types of baffle structures as needed to reduce stray light.

Abstract: A variety of femtoprojector optical systems are described. Each of them can be made small enough to fit in a contact lens using plastic injection molding, diamond turning, photolithography and etching, or other techniques. Most, but not all, of the systems include a solid cylindrical transparent substrate with a curved primary mirror formed on one end and a secondary mirror formed on the other end. Any of the designs may use light blocking, light-redirecting, absorbing coatings or other types of baffle structures as needed to reduce stray light.

Abstract: A variety of femtoprojector optical systems are described. Each of them can be made small enough to fit in a contact lens using plastic injection molding, diamond turning, photolithography and etching, or other techniques. Most, but not all, of the systems include a solid cylindrical transparent substrate with a curved primary mirror formed on one end and a secondary mirror formed on the other end. Any of the designs may use light blocking, light-redirecting, absorbing coatings or other types of baffle structures as needed to reduce stray light.

Abstract: An eye-mounted display can be calibrated relative to a user's gaze. A calibration system causes the eye-mounted display to project a calibration image onto the user's retina. The system detects eye movement as the user looks towards the calibration image. Once the detected eye movement indicates that the user's gaze is centered gaze on the calibration image, the system determines a calibration parameter representative of the user's gaze or the detected eye movement. The calibration parameter can be, for example, a pixel offset relative to an initial image source location or an image source pixel corresponding to the user's centered gaze. Subsequent images are then projected by the eye-mounted display onto the user's retina based on the calibration parameter.