Abstract: A battery comprising a lithium metal anode; a solid electrolyte; a cathode; and at least one interface layer between a surface of the cathode and a surface of the solid electrolyte, the interface layer formed of a printable lithium composition comprised of lithium metal powder, a polymer binder compatible with the lithium metal powder, a rheology modifier compatible with the lithium metal powder, and a solvent compatible with the lithium metal powder and with the polymer binder, wherein the interface layer improves the uniformity of the surface of the solid electrolyte thereby optimizing contact between the surface of the cathode and the surface of the solid electrolyte for better battery performance.

Abstract: A one-step and dry process for forming a high first cycle efficiency anode is provided. The process may include dry mixing an active component having an active anode material, a binder and a conductive material with a prelithiation agent to form a dry anode material mixture. The prelithiating agent may be a printable lithium composition and may include a lithium metal powder, a polymer binder compatible with the lithium metal powder, and a rheology modifier compatible with the lithium metal powder. The prelithiation agent may also be a solvent-free stabilized lithium metal powder. The dry anode material mixture is applied to a substrate as a non self-supporting layer to form the electrode which may be used in a wide variety of batteries including lithium ion batteries, lithium ion capacitors and solid-state batteries.

Abstract: A battery having a cathode and an anode with a three-dimensional porous framework. The anode includes an anode active material lithiated with a lithium source. The lithium particles from the lithium source are alloyed or intercalated with the anode active material during diffusion to form the three-dimensional porous framework. The porous framework provides reduced electrode deterioration due to volume expansion.

Abstract: A prelithiated anode is provided. The prelithiated anode includes an active anode material having deposited thereon a printable composition. The printable lithium composition includes comprising on a solution basis of about 10 to about 50 percent of a lithium metal powder about 0.1 to about 20 percent of a polymer binder, wherein the polymer binder is compatible with the lithium metal powder and is selected from the group consisting of unsaturated elastomers, saturated elastomers, polyacrylic acid, polyvinylidene chloride and polyvinyl acetate, about 0.1 to about 30 percent of a rheology modifier, wherein the rheology modifier is compatible with the lithium metal powder and the polymer binder, and about 50 to about 95 percent of a non-polar solvent, wherein the solvent is compatible with the lithium metal powder and with the polymer binder and wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbons, acyclic hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The present invention provides a solid-state battery which includes a cathode, an anode, and a hybrid solid electrolyte. In one embodiment, the anode or cathode may be conventional anodes or cathodes, or the anode may be formed by printing a printable lithium composition being on a solution basis of a) 5 to 50 percent of lithium metal powder, b) 0.1 to 20 of a polymer binder compatible with the lithium metal powder, and c) 0.1 to 30 percent of a rheology modifier compatible with the lithium metal powder, and d) 50 to 95 percent of a nonpolar solvent compatible with the lithium metal powder and with the polymer binder. The hybrid solid electrolyte may be a lithium-based solid electrolyte material comprising Li3+x Ax B2?x Si2 PO12?d Cd wherein A is a trivalent metal, B is a transition metal, C is a halogen or sulfur, x is 0.01 to 0.5, and d is 0 to 12, a polymer solid electrolyte and an inorganic salt.

Abstract: A battery having a cathode and a composite anode is provided. In one embodiment, the composite anode may include a lithium metal anode, a solid electrolyte and at least one interface layer. The interface layer improves the uniformity of the surface of the solid electrolyte thereby optimizing contact between the surface of the lithium metal anode and the surface of the solid electrolyte for better battery performance. The anode and/or the interface may be formed of a printable lithium composition including lithium metal powder, a polymer binder compatible with the lithium metal powder, a rheology modifier compatible with the lithium metal powder, and a solvent compatible with the lithium metal powder and with the polymer binder. The cathode may be a composite cathode. In another embodiment, the printable lithium composition may be in the form of a foil or film.

Abstract: A printable lithium composition is provided. The printable lithium composition includes lithium metal powder; a polymer binder, wherein the polymer binder is compatible with the lithium powder; and a rheology modifier, wherein the rheology modifier is compatible with the lithium powder and the polymer binder. The printable lithium composition may further include a solvent compatible with the lithium powder and with the polymer binder.

Abstract: A one-step and dry process for forming an electrode is provided. The process may include dry mixing an active component having an active electrode material, a binder and a conductive material with a prelithiation agent to form a dry electrode material mixture. The prelithiating agent may be a printable lithium composition and may include a lithium metal powder, a polymer binder compatible with the lithium metal powder, and a rheology modifier compatible with the lithium metal powder. The dry electrode material mixture is applied to a substrate as a non self-supporting layer to form the electrode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of finely depositing lithium metal powder or thin lithium foil onto a substrate while avoiding the use of a solvent. The method includes depositing lithium metal powder or thin lithium foil onto a carrier, contacting the carrier with a substrate having a higher affinity for the lithium metal powder as compared to the affinity of the carrier for the lithium metal powder, subjecting the substrate while in contact with the carrier to conditions sufficient to transfer the lithium metal powder or lithium foil deposited on the carrier to the substrate, and separating the carrier and substrate so as to maintain the lithium metal powder or lithium metal foil, deposited on the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of finely depositing lithium foil onto a substrate while avoiding the use of a solvent. The method includes depositing lithium foil onto a carrier, contacting the carrier with a substrate having a higher affinity for the lithium metal powder as compared to the affinity of the carrier for the lithium metal powder, subjecting the substrate while in contact with the carrier to conditions sufficient to transfer the lithium foil deposited on the carrier to the substrate, and separating the carrier and substrate so as to maintain the lithium metal foil, deposited on the substrate.

Abstract: A battery having a cathode and a composite anode is provided. In one embodiment, the composite anode may include a lithium metal anode, a solid electrolyte and at least one interface layer. The interface layer improves the uniformity of the surface of the solid electrolyte thereby optimizing contact between the surface of the lithium metal anode and the surface of the solid electrolyte for better battery performance. The anode and/or the interface may be formed of a printable lithium composition including lithium metal powder, a polymer binder compatible with the lithium metal powder, a rheology modifier compatible with the lithium metal powder, and a solvent compatible with the lithium metal powder and with the polymer binder. The cathode may be a composite cathode. In another embodiment, the printable lithium composition may be in the form of a foil or film.

Abstract: A battery having a cathode and a composite anode is provided. In one embodiment, the composite anode may include a lithium metal anode, a solid electrolyte and at least one interface layer. The interface layer improves the uniformity of the surface of the solid electrolyte thereby optimizing contact between the surface of the lithium metal anode and the surface of the solid electrolyte for better battery performance. The anode and/or the interface may be formed of a printable lithium composition including lithium metal powder, a polymer binder compatible with the lithium metal powder, a rheology modifier compatible with the lithium metal powder, and a solvent compatible with the lithium metal powder and with the polymer binder. The cathode may be a composite cathode. In another embodiment, the printable lithium composition may be in the form of a foil or film.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lithium metal powder protected by a substantially continuous layer of a polymer. Such a substantially continuous polymer layer provides improved protection such as compared to typical CO2-passivation.

Abstract: A method for depositing lithium on a substrate to form an electrode is provided. The method includes applying a printable lithium composition comprised of lithium metal powder, a polymer binder compatible with the lithium metal powder, a rheology modifier compatible with the lithium metal powder and a solvent compatible with the lithium metal powder and with the polymer binder, to a substrate.

Abstract: A battery having a cathode and an anode with a three-dimensional porous framework. The anode includes an anode active material lithiated with a lithium source. The lithium particles from the lithium source are alloyed or intercalated with the anode active material during diffusion to form the three-dimensional porous framework. The porous framework provides reduced electrode deterioration due to volume expansion.

Abstract: A solid-state battery comprising a cathode, an anode and a solid electrolyte is provided. In one embodiment, the cathode, anode and/or solid electrolyte is formed from a printable lithium composition including lithium metal powder, a polymer binder compatible with the lithium metal powder, a rheology modifier compatible with the lithium metal powder, and a solvent compatible with the lithium metal powder and with the polymer binder. In another embodiment, lithium is deposited onto the solid electrolyte with a lithium printable lithium composition including lithium metal powder, a polymer binder compatible with the lithium metal powder, a rheology modifier compatible with the lithium metal powder, and a solvent compatible with the lithium metal powder and with the polymer binder.

Abstract: A printable lithium composition is provided. The printable lithium composition includes lithium metal powder; a polymer binder, wherein the polymer binder is compatible with the lithium powder; and a rheology modifier, wherein the rheology modifier is compatible with the lithium powder and the polymer binder. The printable lithium composition may further include a solvent compatible with the lithium powder and with the polymer binder.

Abstract: A battery having a cathode and a composite anode is provided. In one embodiment, the composite anode may include a lithium metal anode, a solid electrolyte and at least one interface layer. The interface layer improves the uniformity of the surface of the solid electrolyte thereby optimizing contact between the surface of the lithium metal anode and the surface of the solid electrolyte for better battery performance. The anode and/or the interface may be formed of a printable lithium composition including lithium metal powder, a polymer binder compatible with the lithium metal powder, a rheology modifier compatible with the lithium metal powder, and a solvent compatible with the lithium metal powder and with the polymer binder. The cathode may be a composite cathode. In another embodiment, the printable lithium composition may be in the form of a foil or film.

Abstract: A substrate coated with a printable lithium composition is provided. The printable lithium composition includes lithium metal powder; a polymer binder, wherein the polymer binder is compatible with the lithium powder; and a rheology modifier compatible with the lithium powder and the polymer binder, wherein the rheology modifier is dispersible within the composition and provides a three-dimensional support structure for further improvement of the electrochemical performance of the electrode when coated with the composition. The substrate may be incorporated into a battery. In one embodiment, the battery comprises a cathode, an electrolyte and an anode, wherein the cathode, the electrolyte, the separator, the anode, or a combination thereof may each comprise a substrate coated with a printable lithium composition.

Abstract: A printable lithium composition is provided. The printable lithium composition includes lithium metal powder; a polymer binder, wherein the polymer binder is compatible with the lithium powder; and a rheology modifier, wherein the rheology modifier is compatible with the lithium powder and the polymer binder. The printable lithium composition may further include a solvent compatible with the lithium powder and with the polymer binder.