Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure include organic polymeric particles, paper coating compositions, coated paper, and methods of forming coated paper with the paper coating compositions. The embodiments of the organic polymeric particle include an organic hydrophilic polymer with a unit for hydrogen bonding, and a hollow porous structure that comprises an organic polymer that at least partially surrounds the organic hydrophilic polymer, where the hollow porous structure has a pore surface area greater than 1 percent of a total theoretical exterior surface area of the hollow porous structure and the organic hydrophilic polymer and the hollow porous structure give the organic polymeric particle a void volume fraction of 40 percent to 85 percent.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure include organic polymeric particles, paper coating compositions, coated paper, and methods of forming coated paper with the paper coating compositions. The embodiments of the organic polymeric particle include an organic hydrophilic polymer with a unit for hydrogen bonding, and a hollow porous structure that comprises an organic polymer that at least partially surrounds the organic hydrophilic polymer, where the hollow porous structure has a pore surface area greater than 1 percent of a total theoretical exterior surface area of the hollow porous structure and the organic hydrophilic polymer and the hollow porous structure give the organic polymeric particle a void volume fraction of 40 percent to 85 percent.

Abstract: A method of forming an organic polymeric particle, comprising (i) forming a core of an organic hydrophilic polymer with monomers that contains an acid group, a latent acid group, or a combination thereof; (ii) forming a shell that comprises an organic polymer with monomers that contains an acid group, a latent acid group, or a combination thereof to encapsulate the core, where the shell has an initial size; expanding the core to form a hollow porous structure from the shell, where the hollow porous structure has an expanded size larger than an initial size of the shell; and (iii) hydrolyzing the acid group, the latent acid group or the combination thereof of the hollow porous structure and the organic hydrophilic polymer to give the organic polymeric particle a void volume fraction of 40 percent to 85 percent.

Abstract: In one or more embodiments, the present disclosure provides for a process for preparing a dispersion of starch particles in an aqueous liquid. In one or more embodiments, the process includes introducing a feed starch and the aqueous liquid into a rotor stator mixer, maintaining the feed starch and the aqueous liquid in the rotor stator mixer at a temperature ranging from a gelation temperature to less than a solubilization temperature, and shearing the feed starch into starch particles with the rotor stator mixer to form the dispersion of starch particles in the aqueous liquid. In one or more embodiments, the starch particles produced by this process have an average particle size diameter of no larger than 2 micrometers and the dispersion has 20 to 65 weight percent of the starch particles based on a total weight of the dispersion.

Abstract: In one or more embodiments, the present disclosure provides for a process for preparing a dispersion of starch particles in an aqueous liquid. In one or more embodiments, the process includes introducing a feed starch and the aqueous liquid into a rotor stator mixer, maintaining the feed starch and the aqueous liquid in the rotor stator mixer at a temperature ranging from a gelation temperature to less than a solubilization temperature, and shearing the feed starch into starch particles with the rotor stator mixer to form the dispersion of starch particles in the aqueous liquid. In one or more embodiments, the starch particles produced by this process have an average particle size diameter of no larger than 2 micrometers and the dispersion has 20 to 65 weight percent of the starch particles based on a total weight of the dispersion.

Abstract: In one or more embodiments, the present disclosure provides for a process for preparing a dispersion of starch particles in an aqueous liquid. In one or more embodiments, the process includes introducing a feed starch and the aqueous liquid into a rotor stator mixer, maintaining the feed starch and the aqueous liquid in the rotor stator mixer at a temperature ranging from a gelation temperature to less than a solubilization temperature, and shearing the feed starch into starch particles with the rotor stator mixer to form the dispersion of starch particles in the aqueous liquid. In one or more embodiments, the starch particles produced by this process have an average particle size diameter of no larger than 2 micrometers and the dispersion has 20 to 65 weight percent of the starch particles based on a total weight of the dispersion.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a dispersion of starch in an hydroxylic liquid, the process comprising introducing a feed starch and an hydroxylic liquid to an extruder, and applying shear forces in the extruder to the starch and the liquid under conditions sufficient to prepare a stable dispersion of starch particles in the hydroxylic liquid.

Abstract: In one or more embodiments, the present disclosure provides for a process for preparing a dispersion of starch particles in an aqueous liquid. In one or more embodiments, the process includes introducing a feed starch and the aqueous liquid into a rotor stator mixer, maintaining the feed starch and the aqueous liquid in the rotor stator mixer at a temperature ranging from a gelation temperature to less than a solubilization temperature, and shearing the feed starch into starch particles with the rotor stator mixer to form the dispersion of starch particles in the aqueous liquid. In one or more embodiments, the starch particles produced by this process have an average particle size diameter of no larger than 2 micrometers and the dispersion has 20 to 65 weight percent of the starch particles based on a total weight of the dispersion.

Abstract: This invention relates to a detection system for particles suspended in a gas. The detection system includes an electrostatic precipitator constructed to collect the particles from the gas onto a collection surface using the force of an induced electrostatic charge on the particles. The detection system also includes an optical probe coupled with the electrostatic precipitator and constructed to probe the particles with a beam in order to detect the particles. The body of the electrostatic precipitator has a geometry that allows the beam to travel from the optical probe to the collection surface.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a dispersion of starch in an hydroxylic liquid, the process comprising introducing a feed starch and an hydroxylic liquid to an extruder, and applying shear forces in the extruder to the starch and the liquid under conditions sufficient to prepare a stable dispersion of starch particles in the hydroxylic liquid.

Abstract: This invention relates to a detection system for particles suspended in a gas. The detection system includes an electrostatic precipitator constructed to collect the particles from the gas onto a collection surface using the force of an induced electrostatic charge on the particles. The detection system also includes an optical probe coupled with the electrostatic precipitator and constructed to probe the particles with a beam in order to detect the particles. The body of the electrostatic precipitator has a geometry that allows the beam to travel from the optical probe to the collection surface.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure include organic polymeric particles, paper coating compositions, coated paper, and methods of forming coated paper with the paper coating compositions. The embodiments of the organic polymeric particle include an organic hydrophilic polymer with a unit for hydrogen bonding, and a hollow porous structure that comprises an organic polymer that at least partially surrounds the organic hydrophilic polymer, where the hollow porous structure has a pore surface area greater than 1 percent of a total theoretical exterior surface area of the hollow porous structure and the organic hydrophilic polymer and the hollow porous structure give the organic polymeric particle a void volume fraction of 40 percent to 85 percent.

Abstract: In one or more embodiments, the present disclosure provides for a process for preparing a dispersion of starch particles in an aqueous liquid. In one or more embodiments, the process includes introducing a feed starch and the aqueous liquid into a rotor stator mixer, maintaining the feed starch and the aqueous liquid in the rotor stator mixer at a temperature ranging from a gelation temperature to less than a solubilization temperature, and shearing the feed starch into starch particles with the rotor stator mixer to form the dispersion of starch particles in the aqueous liquid. In one or more embodiments, the starch particles produced by this process have an average particle size diameter of no larger than 2 micrometers and the dispersion has 20 to 65 weight percent of the starch particles based on a total weight of the dispersion.