Abstract: A glitchless clock switch in accordance with the principles of the present invention avoids the need to directly synchronize clock selection signals with the source clock. Instead, clock switching control signals are generated with relation to Finite-State-Machines (FSMs) for each clock signal. Thus, the cycle relationship of the different clock sources do not affect the clock switching process. The FSM for each clock has three states: ON, STOP, and IDLE. During the switching process, each clock signal enters its respective IDLE state. Detection of the ALL_IDLE state is synchronized with a directly derived signal from the newly selected clock. Any glitches in the switching process are isolated to the control of the synchronization of the ALL_IDLE state, which does not affect the output clock signal.

Abstract: A programmable motion estimator having a memory and processing element array that implement a dual addressing scheme and a block rotating scheme that work together to perform block difference calculations required in video encoder subsystems to provide motion estimation with less processing power without comprising video quality.