Abstract: A method of electroplating a metal into a plurality of channels within an insulating material includes mounting the material to a cathode; placing the cathode into an electroplating solution containing the metal; placing an anode into the electroplating solution; connecting the cathode and the anode to a power supply; controlling operation of the power supply to provide a beginning current density during deposition at the insulating material and initiating electroplating of the metal within the plurality of channels starting at one face of the insulating material; and controlling operation of the power supply to provide a final current density during deposition at the insulating material and ending electroplating of the metal within the plurality of channels at the other face of the insulating material.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a holey fiber and to a fabrication method for making the fiber. The holey fiber can transmit light by total internal reflection or by Bragg diffraction, can be single mode or multimode and can have solid core or a hollow core. The holey fiber has outside diameter typically of 20 microns to 5 mm, a hollow core of a diameter typically of 0.2 micron to 150 microns and longitudinal channels therethrough of a diameter typically of 0.1 micron to 150 microns. The channels are disposed in a desired arrangement with center-to-center distance variation of less than about 2% along the length of the fiber and the cross-section thereof is round that varies less than about 2%.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for dose-guided radiotherapy for a patient (P) having an identified radiotherapy target utilizes a radiation detecting array (R) of radiation-sensitive dosimeters for the real-time remote measurement of radiotherapy at the radiation detecting array (R). The radiation detecting array is positioned within the patient's (P) body along the treatment path before or after the identified radiotherapy target or the device may be positioned beyond the patient (P) to measure transit dose. A radiation source (A) for emitting radiation for radiotherapy along a treatment path through the patient (P) to the identified radiotherapy target is utilized. The method includes generating a predicted dose pattern of radiationa at the placed radiation detecting array (R). The predicted dose pattern assumes an on-target radiation source (A) emitting the radiotherapy beam along the treatment path through the patient (P) to the identified radiotherapy target.

Abstract: This invention pertains to a holey fiber and to a fabrication method for making the fiber. The holey fiber can transmit light by total internal reflection or by Bragg diffraction, can be single mode or multimode and can have solid core or a hollow core. The holey fiber has outside diameter typically of 20 microns to 5 mm, a hollow core of a diameter typically of 0.2 micron to 150 microns and longitudinal channels therethrough of a diameter typically of 0.1 micron to 150 microns. The channels are disposed in a desired arrangement with center-to-center distance variation of less than about 2% along the length of the fiber and the cross-section thereof is round that varies less than about 2%.

Abstract: An improved microelectrode array, comprised of solid metal microelectrodes, and a method for its manufacture, are disclosed. The microelectrodes have diameter from 1 to 100 micrometers and overall length of several millimeters (large aspect ratio). The microelectrode arrays have overall surface area and are electrochemically compatible with biological tissue. The microelectrodes may number up to in the millions and are arranged in patterns in the array such that each microelectrode is electrically insulated from the others. The solid metal electrodes are highly resistant to chemical degradation and/or mechanical damage. The electrode arrays may have an extremely high electrode density (>106/cm2). The microelectrodes that comprise the arrays are fabricated using precious metals, for example, platinum, rhodium, iridium, gold, silver, nickel, copper, or palladium. A method for the deposition of precious metal electrode arrays is shown.