Abstract: A tissue cutting device is disclosed that allows for in-plane rotation of a distal end to avoid gross movements during surgical procedures. In one exemplary arrangement, the tissue cutting device comprises a housing, an outer cannula, and an inner cannula. The outer cannula is mounted for rotation to the handpiece. The inner cannula is mounted within the outer cannula and mounted for rotation with the outer cannula. Both the inner and outer cannula are provided with relieving cuts that are offset from one another.

Abstract: A plurality of road-to-traveler feedback (“RTF”) devices integrated with a plurality of electronic computing devices transmits location data to a server. The server transmits to the RTF devices traffic signal timing data based on the location data. RTF devices present suggested velocities based on the traffic signal timing data, such that if a traveler conformed to the suggested velocities and other travel-related data, the traveler would position himself into a geographic region on a roadway in which the traveler is ensured to avoid red lights and other traffic impediments. The server is operatively connected to traffic controllers and receives traffic light state data. The server facilitates a plurality of geographic regions based at least on the traffic light state data and detected travelers on roadways, wherein each of the geographic regions are synchronized to allow continuous traffic flow for the travelers positioned therein.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for assigning subchannel(s) for communication between frequency agile mobile station(s) and a frequency agile base station. A received power level may be identified for each subcarrier in a set of subcarriers available for data transmission. A minimum power level needed to establish communications may be allocated. A detection threshold set to avoid interference with other devices currently transmitting on the set of subcarriers may be determined using the minimum uplink power level. A subset of subcarriers not already assigned may be selected where each subcarrier in the subset of subcarriers has a received power level that is less than the detection threshold. A subchannel that satisfies a bandwidth requirement may be formed where the subchannel consists of selected subcarriers in the set of subcarriers available for data transmission between the frequency agile mobile station(s) and the frequency agile base station.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for assigning subchannel(s) for communication between frequency agile mobile station(s) and a frequency agile base station. A received power level may be identified for each subcarrier in a set of subcarriers available for data transmission. A minimum power level needed to establish communications may be allocated. A detection threshold set to avoid interference with other devices currently transmitting on the set of subcarriers may be determined using the minimum uplink power level. A subset of subcarriers not already assigned may be selected where each subcarrier in the subset of subcarriers has a received power level that is less than the detection threshold. A subchannel that satisfies a bandwidth requirement may be formed where the subchannel consists of selected subcarriers in the set of subcarriers available for data transmission between the frequency agile mobile station(s) and the frequency agile base station.

Abstract: A router, implemented in hardware and/or hardware in combination with software for routing packets, so as to limit congestion. The router monitors incoming data flows as well as the queue length of its buffer to control the rate of incoming data flows via a flow controller. The flow controller uses at least one of: a Smith predictor, a proportional-integral controller, a proportional-derivative controller, and a proportional controller.

Abstract: An ad-hoc network and routing method that takes account of mobility are provided. The ad-hoc network includes at least one node, which calculates a probability that a neighbor node is present in a transmission range of the node, generates a message containing the calculated probability, and transmits the message to the neighbor node. The at least one node may also update the message with a lower probability of the calculated probability and a probability contained in the message, and transmit the updated message to the neighbor node. The node may also determine as a route a path along which a message is transmitted from the message containing the highest probability among probabilities contained in messages that are received.

Abstract: A frequency agile radio configured to determine an estimated coverage area of a primary transmitter is disclosed. The radio includes at least one position device configured to determine a position coordinate of the radio and generate a corresponding position signal. The radio also includes at least one frequency agile receiver configured to measure a power of a transmission at least one frequency and generate a corresponding signal. Additionally, the radio includes at least one controller in communication with the at least one position device and the at least one frequency agile receiver. The controller is configured to determine a plurality of position coordinates of the radio and a plurality of signal power datums. The controller is also configured to estimate the coverage area of the at least one primary transmitter, based on the determined plurality of position coordinates and the determined plurality of signal power datums.

Abstract: A router, implemented in hardware and/or hardware in combination with software for routing packets, so as to limit congestion. The router monitors incoming data flows as well as the queue length of its buffer to control the rate of incoming data flows via a flow controller. The flow controller uses at least one of: a Smith predictor, a proportional-integral controller, a proportional-derivative controller, and a proportional controller.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for assigning subchannel(s) for communication between frequency agile mobile station(s) and a frequency agile base station. A received power level may be identified for each subcarrier in a set of subcarriers available for data transmission. A minimum power level needed to establish communications may be allocated. A detection threshold set to avoid interference with other devices currently transmitting on the set of subcarriers may be determined using the minimum uplink power level. A subset of subcarriers not already assigned may be selected where each subcarrier in the subset of subcarriers has a received power level that is less than the detection threshold. A subchannel that satisfies a bandwidth requirement may be formed where the subchannel consists of selected subcarriers in the set of subcarriers available for data transmission between the frequency agile mobile station(s) and the frequency agile base station.

Abstract: A frequency agile radio configured to determine an estimated coverage area of a primary transmitter is disclosed. The radio includes at least one position device configured to determine a position coordinate of the radio and generate a corresponding position signal. The radio also includes at least one frequency agile receiver configured to measure a power of a transmission at least one frequency and generate a corresponding signal. Additionally, the radio includes at least one controller in communication with the at least one position device and the at least one frequency agile receiver. The controller is configured to determine a plurality of position coordinates of the radio and a plurality of signal power datums. The controller is also configured to estimate the coverage area of the at least one primary transmitter, based on the determined plurality of position coordinates and the determined plurality of signal power datums.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for evaluating the performance of cellular network handoff decisions. One embodiment of this system includes the steps of: creating a reference cellular network description; creating reduced geometric structures from the reference cellular network description; representing a general trajectory for a mobile unit in the reference cellular network description; approximating the general trajectory with a piecewise path having a multitude of handoff decision points; selecting a handoff mechanism; selecting handoff parameters; creating a discrete-time formulation characterizing handoff behaviors; and calculating at least one handoff performance metric. The handoff performance metrics may include assignment probabilities; handoff probabilities; a mean number of handoff value; a crossover point; and overall signaling load incurred by a handoff mechanism.

Abstract: A Dynamic Rate Control (DRC) scheduler for scheduling cells for service in a generic Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) switch is disclosed. According to the inventive DRC, each traffic stream associated with an internal switch queue is rate-shaped according to a rate which consists of a minimum guaranteed rate and a dynamic component computed based on congestion information within the switch. While achieving high utilization, DRC guarantees a minimum throughput for each stream and fairly distributes unused bandwidth. The distribution of unused bandwidth in DRC can be assigned flexibly, i.e., the unused bandwidth need not be shared in proportion to the minimum throughput guarantees, as in weighted fair share schedulers. Moreover, an effective closed-loop QoS control can be built into DRC by dynamically updating a set of weights based on observed QoS. Another salient feature of DRC is its ability to control congestion internal congestion at bottleneck points within a multistage switch.

Abstract: A flexible and scalable architecture and method that implements dynamic rate control scheduling in an ATM switch. The scheduler shapes a large number of streams according to rate values computed dynamically based on switch congestion information. To handle a large range of bit rates, a plurality of timewheels are employed with different time granularities. The streams are assigned dynamically to the timewheels based on computed rate values. The shaper architecture and method support priority levels for arbitrating among streams which are simultaneously eligible to transmit.

Abstract: A large capacity ATM core switch architecture is disclosed, which supports multiple traffic classes and quality-of-service (QoS) guarantees. The switch supports both real-time traffic classes with strict QoS requirements, e.g., CBR and VBR, and non-real-time traffic classes with less stringent requirements, e.g., ABR and UBR. The architecture also accommodates real-time and non-real-time multicast flows in an efficient manner. The switch consists of a high-speed core module that interconnects input/output modules with large buffers and intelligent scheduling/buffer management mechanisms. The scheduling can be implemented using a novel dynamic rate control, which controls internal congestion and achieves fair throughput performance among competing flows at switch bottlenecks. In the dynamic rate control scheme, flows are rate-controlled according to congestion information observed at bottleneck points within the switch.