Patents by Inventor Brian Litt

Brian Litt has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).

  • Publication number: 20240090814
    Abstract: Provided are are conformable conductors and electrode arrays and related methods of their manufacture and use. The disclosed structures can be implanted into or placed outside of the body of a subject to record biosignals and/or to deliver electrical stimulation, in addition to other, non-biological applications for electrical and/or chemical sensing and stimulation. One can form a pattern an absorbent material (e.g., with a laser cutter), which is later infused with a conductive ink that can include, e.g., MXene materials, reduced graphene oxide (rGO), graphene/graphite, gold, platinum, or other metallic nanoparticles, carbon nanotubes, conductive polymers, or other conductive ink materials. The resulting electrode arrays can be compatible with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI or fMRI) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) modalities, and the disclosed process can rapidly produce electrodes at high yield.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 9, 2020
    Publication date: March 21, 2024
    Inventors: Flavia VITALE, III, Nicolette DRISCOLL, Nicholas V. APOLLO, Brian LITT
  • Patent number: 11925466
    Abstract: An electrode, the electrode including an exposed contact surface, the exposed surface comprising a contact material, the contact material comprising a MXene. A device, the device including a plurality of electrodes, each of the plurality of electrodes comprising an exposed contact surface, the exposed surface comprising a contact material, the contact material comprising a MXene. A method, the method including delivering electrical stimulation to a subject with an electrode that comprises an exposed contact surface, the exposed contact surface comprising a contact material that includes a MXene.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 14, 2018
    Date of Patent: March 12, 2024
    Assignees: The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania, Drexel University
    Inventors: Flavia Vitale, Brian Litt, Nicolette Driscoll, Yury Gogotsi, Babak Anasori, Kathleen Maleski
  • Patent number: 11224372
    Abstract: An implantable electrode for use in the body of a subject has a metal layer and a graphene passivation layer formed on at least a portion of the metal layer. The graphene passivation layer may be a single monolayer of graphene. A process for passivating an implantable electrode is also disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 6, 2015
    Date of Patent: January 18, 2022
    Assignee: The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania
    Inventors: Duygu Kuzum, Ertugrul Cubukcu, Brian Litt
  • Patent number: 10918298
    Abstract: Provided herein are biomedical devices and methods of making and using biomedical devices for sensing and actuation applications. For example, flexible and/or stretchable biomedical devices are provided including electronic devices useful for establishing in situ conformal contact with a tissue in a biological environment. The invention includes implantable electronic devices and devices administered to the surfaces(s) of a target tissue, for example, for obtaining electrophysiology data from a tissue such as cardiac, brain tissue or skin.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 15, 2010
    Date of Patent: February 16, 2021
    Assignees: The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois, The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania
    Inventors: John A. Rogers, Dae Hyeong Kim, Joshua D. Moss, David J. Callans, Brian Litt, Jonathan Viventi
  • Publication number: 20200405165
    Abstract: Provided are electrodes that comprise MXene materials as well as related methods of using the disclosure electrodes in neural and other monitoring applications.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 14, 2018
    Publication date: December 31, 2020
    Applicants: The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania, Drexel University
    Inventors: Flavia VITALE, Brian LITT, Nicolette DRISCOLL, Yury GOGOTSI, Babak ANASORI, Kathleen MALESKI
  • Patent number: 10791946
    Abstract: A flexible, optically transparent electrode array comprises at least one graph electrode. The electrode may be positioned on a substrate. The flexible, optically transparent electrode may be used for simultaneous optical imaging and electrophysiological monitoring.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 3, 2015
    Date of Patent: October 6, 2020
    Assignee: The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania
    Inventors: Duygu Kuzum, Ertugrul Cubukcu, Brian Litt
  • Patent number: 10537277
    Abstract: The subject matter described herein relates to methods, systems, and computer readable media for visualization of a resection target during epilepsy surgery and for real time spatiotemporal visualization of neurophysiologic biomarkers. One exemplary method includes a real time neurophysiologic biomarker visualization system implemented by at least one computer, receiving, as input, a pre-electrode-implantation MRI of an epilepsy patient's brain.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 28, 2014
    Date of Patent: January 21, 2020
    Assignee: The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania
    Inventors: Chengyuan Wu, Allan Azarion, Jue Wu, Ankit N. Khambhati, Joost Wagenaar, Brian Litt, Justin Blanco
  • Patent number: 10349860
    Abstract: Provided are methods and devices for interfacing with brain tissue, specifically for monitoring and/or actuation of spatio-temporal electrical waveforms. The device is conformable having a high electrode density and high spatial and temporal resolution. A conformable substrate supports a conformable electronic circuit and a barrier layer. Electrodes are positioned to provide electrical contact with a brain tissue. A controller monitors or actuates the electrodes, thereby interfacing with the brain tissue. In an aspect, methods are provided to monitor or actuate spatio-temporal electrical waveforms over large brain surface areas by any of the devices disclosed herein.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 4, 2014
    Date of Patent: July 16, 2019
    Assignees: The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois, The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania
    Inventors: John A. Rogers, Dae-Hyeong Kim, Brian Litt, Jonathan Viventi
  • Patent number: 10245431
    Abstract: Provided is an implantable medical device for predicting and treating electrical disturbances in tissue. The medical device includes an implantable telemetry unit (ITU), and an implantable leads assembly including a first and a second electrode implanted in the tissue. A processor of the ITU is configured to perform training by receiving electrical signals input to the electrode circuit, parsing the electrical signals into dynamic event states using Bayesian Non-Parametric Markov Switching, and modeling each event state as a multi-dimensional probability distribution. The processor of the ITU is further configured to perform analysis of the electrical signals and therapy to the tissue by applying other electrical signals to the multi-dimensional distribution to predict future electrical disturbances in the tissue, and controlling the electrode circuit to apply an electrical therapy signal to the first and second electrodes to mitigate effects of the future electrical disturbances in the tissue.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 25, 2016
    Date of Patent: April 2, 2019
    Assignees: The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania, University of Washington
    Inventors: Steven N. Baldassano, Brian Litt, Drausin Wulsin, Emily Fox
  • Patent number: 9986924
    Abstract: Provided herein are implantable biomedical devices and methods of administering implantable biomedical devices, making implantable biomedical devices, and using implantable biomedical devices to actuate a target tissue or sense a parameter associated with the target tissue in a biological environment.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 24, 2013
    Date of Patent: June 5, 2018
    Assignees: The Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois, Northwestern University, Trustees of Tufts College, The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania
    Inventors: John A. Rogers, Dae-Hyeong Kim, Fiorenzo Omenetto, David L. Kaplan, Brian Litt, Jonathan Viventi, Yonggang Huang, Jason Amsden
  • Patent number: 9839367
    Abstract: An implantable sensor array incorporates active electronic elements to greatly increase the number of sensors and their density that can be simultaneously recorded and activated. The sensors can be of various configurations and types, for example: optical, chemical, temperature, pressure or other sensors including effectors for applying signals to surrounding tissues. The sensors/effectors are arranged on a flexible and stretchable substrate with incorporated active components that allow the effective size, configuration, number and pattern of sensors/effectors to be dynamically changed, as needed, through a wired or wireless means of communication. Active processing allows many channels to be combined either through analog or digital means such that the number of wires exiting the array can be substantially reduced compared to the number of sensors/effectors on the array.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 22, 2016
    Date of Patent: December 12, 2017
    Assignee: The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania
    Inventors: Brian Litt, Jonathan Viventi
  • Publication number: 20170172446
    Abstract: A flexible, optically transparent electrode array comprises at least one graph electrode. The electrode may be positioned on a substrate. The flexible, optically transparent electrode may be used for simultaneous optical imaging and electrophysiological monitoring.
    Type: Application
    Filed: April 3, 2015
    Publication date: June 22, 2017
    Applicant: THE TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
    Inventors: DUYGU KUZUM, ERTUGRUL CUBUKCU, BRIAN LITT
  • Publication number: 20170113045
    Abstract: Provided is an implantable medical device for predicting and treating electrical disturbances in tissue. The medical device includes an implantable telemetry unit (ITU), and an implantable leads assembly including a first and a second electrode implanted in the tissue. A processor of the ITU is configured to perform training by receiving electrical signals input to the electrode circuit, parsing the electrical signals into dynamic event states using Bayesian Non-Parametric Markov Switching, and modeling each event state as a multi-dimensional probability distribution. The processor of the ITU is further configured to perform analysis of the electrical signals and therapy to the tissue by applying other electrical signals to the multi-dimensional distribution to predict future electrical disturbances in the tissue, and controlling the electrode circuit to apply an electrical therapy signal to the first and second electrodes to mitigate effects of the future electrical disturbances in the tissue.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 25, 2016
    Publication date: April 27, 2017
    Inventors: Steven N. Baldassano, Brian Litt, Drausin Wulsin, Emily Fox
  • Publication number: 20170071491
    Abstract: An implantable sensor array incorporates active electronic elements to greatly increase the number of sensors and their density that can be simultaneously recorded and activated. The sensors can be of various configurations and types, for example: optical, chemical, temperature, pressure or other sensors including effectors for applying signals to surrounding tissues. The sensors/effectors are arranged on a flexible and stretchable substrate with incorporated active components that allow the effective size, configuration, number and pattern of sensors/effectors to be dynamically changed, as needed, through a wired or wireless means of communication. Active processing allows many channels to be combined either through analog or digital means such that the number of wires exiting the array can be substantially reduced compared to the number of sensors/effectors on the array.
    Type: Application
    Filed: July 22, 2016
    Publication date: March 16, 2017
    Inventors: Brian Litt, Jonathan Viventi
  • Publication number: 20160324435
    Abstract: An implantable electrode for use in the body of a subject has a metal layer and a graphene passivation layer formed on at least a portion of the metal layer. The graphene passivation layer may be a single monolayer of graphene. A process for passivating an implantable electrode is also disclosed.
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 6, 2015
    Publication date: November 10, 2016
    Applicant: THE TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
    Inventors: DUYGU KUZUM, ERTUGRUL CUBUKCU, BRIAN LITT
  • Patent number: 9420953
    Abstract: An implantable sensor array incorporates active electronic elements to greatly increase the number of sensors and their density that can be simultaneously recorded and activated. The sensors can be of various configurations and types, for example: optical, chemical, temperature, pressure or other sensors including effectors for applying signals to surrounding tissues. The sensors/effectors are arranged on a flexible and stretchable substrate with incorporated active components that allow the effective size, configuration, number and pattern of sensors/effectors to be dynamically changed, as needed, through a wired or wireless means of communication. Active processing allows many channels to be combined either through analog or digital means such that the number of wires exiting the array can be substantially reduced compared to the number of sensors/effectors on the array.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 9, 2015
    Date of Patent: August 23, 2016
    Assignee: The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania
    Inventors: Brian Litt, Jonathan Viventi
  • Publication number: 20160120457
    Abstract: The subject matter described herein relates to methods, systems, and computer readable media for visualization of a resection target during epilepsy surgery and for real time spatiotemporal visualization of neurophysiologic biomarkers. One exemplary method includes a real time neurophysiologic biomarker visualization system implemented by at least one computer, receiving, as input, a pre-electrode-implantation MRI of an epilepsy patient's brain.
    Type: Application
    Filed: May 28, 2014
    Publication date: May 5, 2016
    Inventors: Chengyuan Wu, Allan Azarion, Jue Wu, Ankit N. Khambhati, Joost Wagenaar, Brian Litt, Justin Blanco
  • Patent number: 9326698
    Abstract: Oscillatory signals may be used to determine a region of a patient's body that is associated with a medical condition. As described herein, oscillatory signals may be detected using a high sensitivity, low specificity detector. The oscillatory signals may be representative of discrete events in a patient's body. The detected signals may be tested in the context of surrounding background activity to identify anomalous discrete physiologic events that are sufficiently different from the surrounding background activity. The anomalous discrete physiologic events having correlative morphological, time, or location characteristics may be automatically clustered and clusters of anomalous physiologic events may be determined that are indicative of at least one region of the patient's body that is associated with a medical condition.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 17, 2012
    Date of Patent: May 3, 2016
    Assignee: The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania
    Inventors: Justin Blanco, Brian Litt
  • Publication number: 20150305625
    Abstract: An implantable sensor array incorporates active electronic elements to greatly increase the number of sensors and their density that can be simultaneously recorded and activated. The sensors can be of various configurations and types, for example: optical, chemical, temperature, pressure or other sensors including effectors for applying signals to surrounding tissues. The sensors/effectors are arranged on a flexible and stretchable substrate with incorporated active components that allow the effective size, configuration, number and pattern of sensors/effectors to be dynamically changed, as needed, through a wired or wireless means of communication. Active processing allows many channels to be combined either through analog or digital means such that the number of wires exiting the array can be substantially reduced compared to the number of sensors/effectors on the array.
    Type: Application
    Filed: July 9, 2015
    Publication date: October 29, 2015
    Inventors: Brian Litt, Jonathan Viventi
  • Patent number: 9107592
    Abstract: An implantable sensor array incorporates active electronic elements to greatly increase the number of sensors and their density that can be simultaneously recorded and activated. The sensors can be of various configurations and types, for example: optical, chemical, temperature, pressure or other sensors including effectors for applying signals to surrounding tissues. The sensors/effectors are arranged on a flexible and stretchable substrate with incorporated active components that allow the effective size, configuration, number and pattern of sensors/effectors to be dynamically changed, as needed, through a wired or wireless means of communication. Active processing allows many channels to be combined either through analog or digital means such that the number of wires exiting the array can be substantially reduced compared to the number of sensors/effectors on the array.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 12, 2009
    Date of Patent: August 18, 2015
    Assignee: The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania
    Inventors: Brian Litt, Jonathan Viventi