Abstract: Controlled motion capsules and associated systems and methods are described. Controlled motion capsules can decelerate, and stop, without damaging epithelial walls. If any components fail, a controlled motion capsule, without added energy, becomes its most compact shape, passing harmlessly through the GI tract. Controlled motion capsule includes a stimuli-responsive hydrogel, comprising a reversible soft copolymer, in a compartment in the capsule, with an energy emitter, and a controller to variably activate energy emission to expand and contract the hydrogel, on detection of certain conditions or instructions. Hydrogel expansion is primarily described by an isotropic tensor, with any deviatoric strains aggregating to a minor degree. The spherically expanded hydrogel decelerates the controlled motion capsule through form drag, and may stop it through viscoelastic interaction with epithelial walls, which avoids damaging friction.

Abstract: Controlled motion capsules and associated systems and methods are described. Controlled motion capsules can decelerate, and stop, without damaging epithelial walls. If any components fail, a controlled motion capsule, without added energy, becomes its most compact shape, passing harmlessly through the GI tract. Controlled motion capsule may include a shape changing material, comprising a reversible soft copolymer, in a container in the capsule, with a nonionizing radiation emitter, and a controller to activate the nonionizing radiation to expand and contract the shape changing material, on detection of certain conditions or instructions. Expansion of the shape changing material, including contact with epithelial walls, decelerates and can stop the controlled motion capsule movement. Motion control allows scientists to study the microbiome, doctors to deliver intestinal drugs at precise locations, and to closely examine signs of precancerous growth.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods, systems, and devices that emit light energy in the ruminant rumenoreticulum, to inactivate a quantity of microbes. The device is a size or shape that will obtain a predetermined position within the rumenoreticulum, and protectively contains long lasting battery power, electric components, and light sources that emit wavelengths that inactivate and destroy microbes. The device, the system and the method according to the present invention also allow detection of biological parameters of the capsule environment and communication with a receiver outside the animal.

Abstract: The present invention is a helmet system that reduces concussions by damping rotational force transmitted to a helmet user. The helmet has an helmet shell that moves independently from an internal body worn by the user. At least one magnetic force emitter on the helmet shell's interior directs at least one interior-facing magnetic flux axially at the internal body. At least one magnetic force emitter attached to the internal body directs at least one exterior-facing magnetic flux at the at least one interior-facing magnetic flux. In a resting state magnetic flux interactions are limited. When a tangential impact rotates the exterior shell, the at least one interior-facing magnetic flux approaches to the side of the at least one exterior-facing magnetic flux, inducing negative torque of the internal body in a variety of ways. Rotational momentum is diffused in a variety of ways. The exterior shell is returned to the resting state in a variety of ways.

Abstract: Controlled motion capsules and associated systems and methods are described. Controlled motion capsules can decelerate, and stop, without damaging epithelial walls. If any components fail, a controlled motion capsule, without added energy, becomes its most compact shape, passing harmlessly through the GI tract. Controlled motion capsule may include a shape changing material, comprising a reversible soft copolymer, in a container in the capsule, with a nonionizing radiation emitter, and a controller to activate the nonionizing radiation to expand and contract the shape changing material, on detection of certain conditions or instructions. Expansion of the shape changing material, including contact with epithelial walls, decelerates and can stop the controlled motion capsule movement. Motion control allows scientists to study the microbiome, doctors to deliver intestinal drugs at precise locations, and to closely examine signs of precancerous growth.

Abstract: The present invention is a helmet system that reduces concussions by damping rotational force transmitted to a helmet user. The helmet has an exterior shell and an internal body that moves independently from the exterior shell. At least one magnetic source on the exterior shell's interior has a dipole directed axially at the internal body. At least one magnetic source on the internal body has a dipole aligned with the same axis, directed at the exterior shell. In a resting state magnetic sources generate a weak magnetic field. When an impact rotates the exterior shell, it moves off the initial alignment and closer to the internal body. The previously aligned magnetic sources torque. The magnetic source on the internal body torques in the opposite direction of the rotation, as do all initially aligned magnetic sources impacted. Angular momentum is displaced, diffused, offset, damping rotational force transmitted to a helmet user.

Abstract: The present invention is a helmet system that reduces concussions by damping rotational force transmitted to a helmet user. The helmet has an exterior shell and an internal body that moves independently from the exterior shell. At least one magnetic source on the exterior shell's interior has a dipole directed axially at the internal body. At least one magnetic source on the internal body has a dipole aligned with the same axis, directed at the exterior shell. In a resting state magnetic sources generate a weak magnetic field. When an impact rotates the exterior shell, it moves off the initial alignment and closer to the internal body. The previously aligned magnetic sources torque. The magnetic source on the internal body torques in the opposite direction of the rotation, as do all initially aligned magnetic sources impacted. Angular momentum is displaced, diffused, offset, damping rotational force transmitted to a helmet user.

Abstract: An acoustic wavefront shaping device for altering the propagation of emergency siren sounds is provided. The device includes an enclosed framework containing sound channels mounted before a siren horn. The sound channels are positioned to partition the spherical wavefronts emitted by the siren and transmit each wavelet from the channel's entrance to exit into free space. The interior space of the sound channels contain acoustic macroscopic metamaterial structures that direct wavelet acoustic energy on meandering paths, which extend the transmission duration. Channels higher up in the framework, and away from the center, have straighter paths that transmit acoustic energy more quickly than other channels. The wavelets exit the channels at different times and reconfigure to form a wavefront that is squat and narrow, compared to spherical wavefronts. This wavefront expands into free space staying closer to the ground and closer to the center of the road than spherical wavefront expansion.

Abstract: A fine cover particularly for use with respirator facemasks comprises one or more components, each defined by a perimeter, holding flexible, breathable material. The components expand to cover part of a respirator facemask and fold smoothly to close exposed surfaces during removal, thereby preventing pathogen shedding. The cInstitute of Medicine, 2006 Reusability of Facemasks During an Influenza Pandemic: Facing the Flu; losed unit is placed in a bag for cleaning, disposal, or testing. Samples taken from fine cover can be tested to detect airborne pathogens, an optimal airborne pathogen monitoring system in medical facilities. In addition, the fine cover may have graphical imagery to directs an observer's gaze in the same patterns followed when looking at an unmasked face, thereby reducing subconscious interaction anxiety.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a photodental device that can deliver specific light wavelengths to animal oral cavities, particularly dogs. The device may be provided in a variety of shapes, sizes, and materials, for breeds from under 2 kg (4.4 lbs) to over 115 kg (254 lbs). The device has a container which may protect light sources and may be used to receive light transmission, comprising an illuminating member. The device can further include replaceable housings with photoactivated compounds. The device may be configured for untethered use by an animal. Alternatively, the electro-optical components can be placed in a separate body and transmit light through a tethered connection to a member used by an animal. Sensor components may activate light generation components in predetermined conditions. Alternatively, humans may control activation. The present disclosure also relates to methods of photodentistry using the photodental device as bactericidal treatment and periodontal treatment.

Abstract: A mask-on-a-stick includes a holding part and a mask unit which are connected, in which the mask unit has a curved shape. When a user is holding the mask-on-a-stick, the mask unit fits naturally over their mouth and lower nose, and the mask unit surface prevents the user from spreading microbial particles to the environment. The widest part of the mask unit fits over the user's mouth, and above this area the mask unit extends to cover the lower nose. The mask-on-a-stick can be manufactured from cellulose-based material at reasonable cost, so as to be disposable, or recyclable after sterilizing, and numerous sizes of the mask-on-a-stick may be made available for customers at restaurants and other locations where people remove facemasks to eat or drink, but need to cover their mouth and nose when talking.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods, systems, and devices that emit light energy in the ruminant rumenoreticulum, to inactivate a quantity of bacteria equivalent to the quantity inactivated by sub-therapeutic doses of antibiotics. The device is a size or shape that will obtain a predetermined position within the rumenoreticulum, and protectively contains long lasting battery power, electric components, and light sources that emit wavelengths that inactivate and destroy bacteria. The device, the system and the method according to the present invention also allow detection of biological parameters of the capsule environment and communication with a receiver outside the animal.

Abstract: An acoustic wavefront shaping device for altering the propagation of emergency siren sounds is provided. The device includes an enclosed framework containing sound channels mounted before a siren horn. The sound channels are positioned to partition the spherical wavefronts emitted by the siren and transmit each subwavelength portion from the channel's entrance to exit into free space. The interior space of the sound channels contain acoustic meta-atoms that direct subwavelength acoustic energy on meandering paths, which extend the transmission duration. Channels higher up in the framework, and away from the center, have straighter paths that transmit acoustic energy more quickly than other channels. The subwavelength segments exit the channels at different times and reconfigure to form a wavefront that is squat and narrow, compared to spherical wavefronts. This wavefront expands into free space staying closer to the ground and closer to the center of the road than spherical wavefront expansion.

Abstract: The present invention is a helmet system that reduces concussions by damping rotational forces transmitted to a helmet wearer's head. The helmet has an exterior shell with an internal side that has impact absorption apparatus attached. The helmet also has an internal body worn close to the wearer's head. A gap between the internal body and the impact absorption apparatus close to the shell is maintained with flexible projections. At least one magnet assembly is located with the exterior shell absorption apparatus, with a magnetic pole extending axially inwards, and at least one magnet array is located with the internal body, with the same magnetic pole extending axially outwards. Each internal body magnetic field is axially aligned with a magnetic field of a respective magnet assembly located with the exterior shell absorption apparatus. In a resting state the aligned magnetic fields have little magnetic interaction.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a photodental device that can deliver specific light wavelengths to animal oral cavities, particularly dogs. The device may be provided in a variety of shapes, sizes, and materials, for breeds from under 2 kg (4.4 lbs) to over 115 kg (254 lbs). The device has a container which may protect light sources and may be used to receive light transmission, comprising an illuminating member. The device can further include replaceable housings with photoactivated compounds. The device may be configured for untethered use by an animal. Alternatively, the electro-optical components can be placed in a separate body and transmit light through a tethered connection to a member used by an animal. Sensor components may activate light generation components in predetermined conditions. Alternatively, humans may control activation. The present disclosure also relates to methods of photodentistry using the photodental device as bactericidal treatment and periodontal treatment.