Abstract: Illumination assemblies and systems using same are disclosed. The illumination assembly can include a reflective substrate, and a light source unit including one or more light sources capable of producing illumination light. The assembly can further include a first light extraction surface including an azimuthal beam widening topography, where the first light extraction surface is positioned such that the light source unit is between the first light extraction surface and the reflective substrate. The first light extraction surface can face the light source unit.

Abstract: Direct-lit backlights and associated methods and components are disclosed In one embodiment, a method of forming a direct-lit backlight having an output area includes providing a transflector that partially transmits and partially reflects incident light. The method further includes forming one or more recycling cavities that substantially fill the output area of the backlight, where forming the one or more recycling cavities includes forming the transflector into at least one concave structure that faces a back reflector of the backlight. The method further includes positioning at least one light source behind the output area to inject light into the one or more recycling cavities.

Abstract: Direct-lit backlights and associated methods and components are disclosed in which a transflector that partially transmits and partially reflects incident light is shaped to form at least one concave structure facing a back reflector of the backlight. This provides at least one recycling cavity therebetween, the at least one recycling cavity substantially filling the output area of the backlight. At least one light source is disposed behind the output area to inject light into each cavity, and can be positioned in the recycling cavity or behind an aperture in the back reflector. The cavities are preferably shallow and wide, having a width-to-depth ratio of at least 5 or 10, and can provide uniform brightness and color at the output area with sparsely distributed light sources and in a thin profile backlight.