Abstract: A method for forming an Ag/AgCl coated electrode includes providing a polymeric electrode substrate made of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS). A layer of silver (Ag) is deposited on the polymeric electrode substrate using physical vapor deposition (PVD) to form an Ag coated electrode. The layer of Ag is deposited to a first thickness by sputtering an Ag target onto the polymeric electrode substrate. The Ag coated electrode is then converted to a layer of silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) by dipping it into a conversion solution. The resulting Ag/AgCl coated surface electrode provides improved performance and stability for various applications.

Abstract: A method for forming an Ag/AgCl coated electrode includes providing a polymeric electrode substrate made of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS). A layer of silver (Ag) is deposited on the polymeric electrode substrate using physical vapor deposition (PVD) to form an Ag coated electrode. The layer of Ag is deposited to a first thickness by sputtering an Ag target onto the polymeric electrode substrate. The Ag coated electrode is then converted to a layer of silver/silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) by dipping it into a conversion solution. The resulting Ag/AgCl coated surface electrode provides improved performance and stability for various applications.

Abstract: An adjustable sheathing system is provided for securing and protecting medical lead wires, comprising a lead wire bundle with multiple lead wires, connectors, and electrodes. The system includes first and second end portions, each containing a length of the lead wires and incorporating a securing mechanism. A sheath is connected to both the first and second end portions, encasing the lead wires to provide protection and organization. The securing mechanisms within the end portions enable adjustable retention of the lead wires, enhancing stability and reducing strain on the connections. This configuration facilitates secure management of medical lead wires while maintaining flexibility and protection throughout their length.

Abstract: Various systems for positioning an electrode on a patient are provided. An example system may include an abrasion electrode configured to be placed at a first skin location of a patient. The abrasion electrode includes an abrasion component to abrade the first skin location of the patient and an electrode component to electrically engage with the patient. The system may also include a reference electrode configured to be placed at a second skin location of the patient. The system may further include an impedance determination device. The impedance determination device monitors an impedance between the abrasion electrode and the reference electrode. The system may also include a user indication device. The user indication device causes a notification to be provided to a user in an instance in which the impedance between the abrasion electrode and the reference electrode is within a predetermined range of impedance.

Abstract: Disclosed are aspects of an electrode system and method that include an electrode, a connector, and a cable with one or more inline frequency filter modules comprising one or more inductors wired in series, and without any added capacitance. The one or more inline filter modules are placed along the cable and provide filtering of RF energy, thus minimizing the accumulation of heat at the electrode to patient connection. Further, in some aspects, the one or more inline filter modules are located at one or more specific locations along the cable, chosen through computer modeling and real-world testing, for minimum transfer of received RF energy to a patient's skin from the electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments of a dilator clip which may include a first member and a second member attached at a central hinged and aligned, wherein a first member handle and a second member handle are adapted for compressing to move the dilator clip into an open state. The dilator clip may further comprise a compression band in which compressive forces are applied to secure the dilator clip against a dilator. The dilator clip may further comprise a first or second member with an embedded electrode for monitoring electrical signals. Further disclosure provides methods for utilizing and acquiring electrical/neurological signals from the dilator clip.

Abstract: Disclosed are various aspects for a squeeze and stick subdermal needle electrode. A squeeze and stick subdermal needle electrode may comprise (a) an electrode housing with (i) an inner portion with an opening to receive a subdermal needle on a proximal side, and a lead wire on a distal side, wherein the subdermal needle and the lead wire are mated together to transfer electrical signals; and (ii) an outer portion for protecting the inner portion, the outer portion capable of compressing onto the inner portion, wherein when compressing drives the subdermal needle toward a patient. Further, methods of compressing the outer portion to drive the inner portion of the subdermal needle electrode into a subdermal region of the patient are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for a butterfly hinge electrode and uses thereof. A butterfly hinge electrode may have a first and second wing positioned adjacent to one another and connected through a coupling mechanism. The butterfly hinge electrode may have a first and second electrode assembly, the first electrode assembly positioned on the first wing and the second electrode assembly positioned on the second wing. The butterfly hinge electrode may further comprise a compression assembly. Further, the butterfly hinge electrode may be inserted into a subdermal layer of a patient for neurological monitoring through the use of the first and second electrode assemblies on the first and second wings.

Abstract: An electrode system for neurological monitoring is disclosed, including a housing with a recess dimensioned to hold an electrode. A conductive gel is applied to said electrode to limit direct contact by said electrode to a patient's skin. The recess defines a wall in said housing that engages the patient's skin. A thin bead of adhesive applied to the top surface of the wall secures the housing, and therefore the electrode, to the patient. Finer electrical conductor wires in a more flexible insulator lead from the electrode to a connector that fits into a neurological monitoring amplifier. The electrode system further comprising a template structure for precisely locating and adjusting to a patient's dimensions.

Abstract: A needle electrode fixation device is configured to secure a transdermal needle electrode to a patient. The device includes a base having a body that defines a first portion and a second portion. The first and second portions are rotatable relative to each other. The first portion defines a channel configured to fit a portion of the transdermal needle electrode. The second portion defines a recess configured to fit a tip of the needle electrode. The device further includes an adhesive layer configured to affix the base to the patient. The device is at least partially transparent or translucent and includes one or more viewing windows to provide visibility of individual components, such as the needle electrode.

Abstract: A multi-electrode applicator includes a carrier with recesses formed in pre-selected locations on one side. Each recess carries an electrode, and optionally both an applicator and an electrode, so that, when that side of the carrier is applied to a surface, the electrodes engage the surface in their pre-selected locations. An adhesive is applied to the underside of the carrier to cause the carrier to stick to the skin surface. A release paper may be applied over the adhesive so that, when the paper is removed, the adhesive is exposed and the carrier can then be stuck to the skin. The carrier may be flat or curved, and the electrodes may be self-embedding electrodes, a stimulating- or recording-type electrode, or a ground electrode-reference electrode pair. Electrical conductor connects the electrode to a monitor directly or via a multi-pin connector.