Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for effecting alterations at a defined location in the genome of a plant cell or plant protoplast. Further disclosed are methods using an RNA-guided nuclease to alter a target nucleotide sequence in a cell or protoplast of a plant; embodiments of such methods include treatments with chemical or physical reagents or treatment of the cell or protoplast with a specific thermal regime, such as a heat treatment.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for effecting alterations at a defined location in the genome of a non-epidermal plant cell. Further disclosed are methods for providing plants having a modified phenotype or a modified genome.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compositions and methods for effecting alterations at a defined location in the genome of a non-epidermal plant cell. Further disclosed are methods for providing plants having a modified phenotype or a modified genome.

Abstract: A method for streaming a viscous material onto an electronic substrate using a dispensing system having a dispenser includes positioning a nozzle of the dispenser at a nominal clearance height above the substrate, dispensing a continuous stream of viscous material from the nozzle to dispense an amount of material on the substrate, controlling the volumetric flow rate of the viscous material being dispensed by the dispenser, moving the nozzle over areas of the substrate requiring viscous material, and terminating the continuous stream of viscous material. A dispensing system for performing methods of streaming viscous material is further disclosed.

Abstract: A dispensing system and method for dispensing material onto a substrate. The dispensing system includes a frame, a support, coupled to the frame, that supports the substrate at a dispensing position in the dispensing system, and a dispensing head, coupled to the frame, that dispenses the material onto the substrate. The dispensing head includes a motor unit having a first motor coupled to an output drive mechanism, and a dispensing unit, removably coupled to the motor unit, having a material outlet from which the dispensing material is dispensed, the dispensing unit having a dispensing mechanism coupled to the material outlet and coupled to the output drive mechanism of the motor unit such that operation of the first motor causes the dispensing mechanism to dispense material through the outlet.