Abstract: In accordance with some embodiments of the present invention, distortion may be calculated using hardware for purposes of motion estimation. The distortion may be determined in the frequency domain. In some embodiments, a modified Haar wavelet transform may be utilized. The penalty in terms of the number of motion vectors may be determined for each location to achieve better distortion in some embodiments. A look up table may be utilized to determine an acceptable penalty. In some cases, the user can input information about an acceptable penalty.

Abstract: A pipeline apparatus for processing 3D graphics data will be described. The pipeline apparatus includes a first request memory to fetch information corresponding to a texture operand. A second request memory fetches information responding to a color operand and Z operand. A control circuit coordinates data flow from the first request memory and the second request memory into a memory channel by preventing the number of requests from the first request memory from exceeding by a predetermined number, the number of requests from the second request memory. By properly coordinating the data flow, deadlock of a data fetching pipeline is avoided.