Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatuses for erosion rate monitoring for wafer fabrication equipment are described to support determining a real-time edge ring erosion rate for an edge ring used in manufacturing memory devices or other semiconductor devices. A manufacturing system may support a real-time edge ring erosion rate determination using force sensors, which may measure the weight of the edge ring. The controller may correlate the measured weight to a height of the edge ring. The controller may use the height to adjust a vertical placement of the edge ring, or one or more other manufacturing variables, during manufacturing operations, which may compensate for edge ring erosion and reduce or eliminate yield loss when manufacturing a memory device or other semiconductor device.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods associated with the prevention and treatment of lupus nephritis. In particular, provided herein is a method for delaying onset of active lupus nephritis in a subject at risk for developing active lupus nephritis, comprising periodically administering to the subject an amount of laquinimod effective to delay onset of active lupus nephritis in the subject. Also provided herein are laquinimod (LAQ) and a pharmaceutical composition comprising an amount of LAQ for use in delaying onset of active lupus nephritis in a subject at risk for developing active lupus nephritis.

Abstract: Hosta plant named ‘Empress Wu’ is a new cultivar with very large green leaves, gigantic plant stature in the landscape, light lavender flowers and large matching bracts producing a water lily effect, suitable as a potted plant, for the garden, and for cut flower arrangements.