Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for transforming soybean, corn, cotton, or canola explants using spectinomycin as a selective agent for transformation of the explants. The method may further comprise treatment of the explants with cytokinin during the transformation and regeneration process.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for the production of viable explants from mature corn seeds, wherein the explant comprises the apical portion of the embryo axis of the corn seed. The present invention also relates to methods for producing such explants and for transforming the explants with a heterologous DNA.

Abstract: A method and system for activating and cancelling a first or second turn signal indicator for a radio-controlled (R/C) vehicle are provided. The method may include determining that the R/C vehicle is stationary and reading a rotation of a steering input to a stationary activation threshold. In addition, the method may include activating the turn signal indicator on a side of the R/C vehicle and setting an active turn signal indicator to on. Further actions in the method may involve determining that the R/C vehicle is in motion and reading a rotation of the steering input to a moving initiation threshold. Still further actions may include reading a rotation of the steering input in another direction to a moving cancellation threshold and deactivating the first or second turn signal indicator and setting the active turn signal indicator to off.

Abstract: A method and system for activating and cancelling a first or second turn signal indicator for an R/C vehicle are provided. The method may include determining that the R/C vehicle is stationary and reading a rotation of a steering input to a stationary activation threshold. In addition, the method may include activating the turn signal indicator on a side of the R/C vehicle and setting an active turn signal indicator to on. Further actions in the method may involve determining that the R/C vehicle is in motion and reading a rotation of the steering input to a moving initiation threshold. Still further actions may include reading a rotation of the steering input in another direction to a moving cancellation threshold and deactivating the first or second turn signal indicator and setting the active turn signal indicator to off.

Abstract: A method of determining a state of a model vehicle using an electric motor is provided. During a sample period, the method may include measuring raw variables, including determining a first and a second voltage relative to a battery ground. Further, the method may include extracting state variables from the first and second voltages. The measuring of the raw variables may be repeated until the end of the sample period. The method may also include determining a tentative state from the state variables. Still further, the method may include setting a model vehicle state equal to a tentative state if the tentative state is equal to a previous tentative state. Still further including actuating a model vehicle component based upon the model vehicle state and setting the previous tentative state equal to the tentative state. Additionally, the method may include repeating the process for another sample period.

Abstract: A method and system for activating and canceling a first or second turn signal indicator for an R/C vehicle are provided. The method may include determining that the R/C vehicle is stationary and reading a rotation of a steering input to a stationary activation threshold. In addition, the method may include activating the turn signal indicator on a side of the R/C vehicle and setting an active turn signal indicator to on. Further actions in the method may involve determining that the R/C vehicle is in motion and reading a rotation of the steering input to a moving initiation threshold. Still further actions may include reading a rotation of the steering input in another direction to a moving cancellation threshold and deactivating the first or second turn signal indicator and setting the active turn signal indicator to off.