Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the integration of systems and methods associated with steam cracking, oligomerization reactions, hydrogenation reactions, and aromatization reactions for the production of benzene via the hydrogenation of oligomers produced from ethylene. In some aspects, the disclosed systems and methods utilize one or more of an oligomerization process, a hydrotreating process, and an aromatization process for producing a benzene comprising effluent. In further aspects, the systems and methods disclosed herein utilize one or more selective oligomerization catalyst systems.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are oligomerization processes in which ethylene and a catalyst system are first combined for a suitable residence time in an activation vessel, prior to introduction into a reaction zone to oligomerize ethylene to form a desired oligomer product, such as 1-hexene and/or 1-octene. Related oligomerization reaction systems that include the activation vessel also are disclosed. In these oligomerization processes and reaction systems, the catalyst system can be fully activated as it leaves the activation vessel and enters the reaction zone, thus providing greater catalyst utilization and less catalyst waste.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are processes and reaction systems for controlling a temperature of an oligomerization reaction zone using a heat exchange system.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are processes and reaction systems for controlling a temperature of an oligomerization reaction zone using a heat exchange system.

Abstract: Methods for determining ethylene concentration in an ethylene oligomerization reactor using an ultrasonic flow meter are described, and these methods are integrated into ethylene oligomerization processes and related oligomerization reactor systems.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are processes and reaction systems for controlling a temperature of an oligomerization reaction zone using a heat exchange system.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are processes and reaction systems for controlling a temperature of an oligomerization reaction zone using a heat exchange system.

Abstract: A process includes periodically or continuously introducing an olefin monomer and periodically or continuously introducing a catalyst system or catalyst system components into a reaction mixture within a reaction system, oligomerizing the olefin monomer within the reaction mixture to form an oligomer product, and periodically or continuously discharging a reaction system effluent comprising the oligomer product from the reaction system. The reaction system includes a total reaction mixture volume and a heat exchanged portion of the reaction system comprising a heat exchanged reaction mixture volume and a total heat exchanged surface area providing indirect contact between the reaction mixture and a heat exchange medium. A ratio of the total heat exchanged surface area to the total reaction mixture volume within the reaction system is in a range from 0.75 in?1 to 5 in?1, and an oligomer product discharge rate from the reaction system is between 1.0 (lb)(hr?1)(gal?1) to 6.0 (lb)(hr?1)(gal?1).

Abstract: Disclosed herein are processes and reaction systems for controlling a temperature of an oligomerization reaction zone using a heat exchange system.

Abstract: Methods for determining ethylene concentration in an ethylene oligomerization reactor using an ultrasonic flow meter are described, and these methods are integrated into ethylene oligomerization processes and related oligomerization reactor systems.

Abstract: Methods for determining ethylene concentration in an ethylene oligomerization reactor using an ultrasonic flow meter are described, and these methods are integrated into ethylene oligomerization processes and related oligomerization reactor systems.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are oligomerization processes in which ethylene and a catalyst system are first combined for a suitable residence time in an activation vessel, prior to introduction into a reaction zone to oligomerize ethylene to form a desired oligomer product, such as 1-hexene and/or 1-octene. Related oligomerization reaction systems that include the activation vessel also are disclosed. In these oligomerization processes and reaction systems, the catalyst system can be fully activated as it leaves the activation vessel and enters the reaction zone, thus providing greater catalyst utilization and less catalyst waste.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are oligomerization processes in which ethylene and a catalyst system are first combined for a suitable residence time in an activation vessel, prior to introduction into a reaction zone to oligomerize ethylene to form a desired oligomer product, such as 1-hexene and/or 1-octene. Related oligomerization reaction systems that include the activation vessel also are disclosed. In these oligomerization processes and reaction systems, the catalyst system can be fully activated as it leaves the activation vessel and enters the reaction zone, thus providing greater catalyst utilization and less catalyst waste.

Abstract: Methods for recycling ethylene from a reaction zone effluent stream from an oligomerization reaction zone, in which the reaction zone effluent stream contains an oligomer product effluent having at least 20 mass % octene(s), include a step of separating the reaction zone effluent stream into a first stream containing ethylene and less than 5 mass % C4+ olefins, a second stream containing butene(s) and less than 10 mass % C6+ olefins, a third stream containing at least 96 mass % hexene(s), and a fourth stream containing at least 96 mass % octene(s). The ethylene-rich first stream is recycled into the oligomerization reaction zone, while the recycle of 1-butene and other butenes is reduced significantly.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are oligomerization processes in which ethylene and a catalyst system are first combined for a suitable residence time in an activation vessel, prior to introduction into a reaction zone to oligomerize ethylene to form a desired oligomer product, such as 1-hexene and/or 1-octene. Related oligomerization reaction systems that include the activation vessel also are disclosed. In these oligomerization processes and reaction systems, the catalyst system can be fully activated as it leaves the activation vessel and enters the reaction zone, thus providing greater catalyst utilization and less catalyst waste.

Abstract: A process includes periodically or continuously introducing an olefin monomer and periodically or continuously introducing a catalyst system or catalyst system components into a reaction mixture within a reaction system, oligomerizing the olefin monomer within the reaction mixture to form an oligomer product, and periodically or continuously discharging a reaction system effluent comprising the oligomer product from the reaction system. The reaction system includes a total reaction mixture volume and a heat exchanged portion of the reaction system comprising a heat exchanged reaction mixture volume and a total heat exchanged surface area providing indirect contact between the reaction mixture and a heat exchange medium. A ratio of the total heat exchanged surface area to the total reaction mixture volume within the reaction system is in a range from 0.75 in?1 to 5 in?1, and an oligomer product discharge rate from the reaction system is between 1.0 (lb)(hr?1)(gal?1) to 6.0 (lb)(hr?1)(gal?1).

Abstract: A process includes periodically or continuously introducing an olefin monomer and periodically or continuously introducing a catalyst system or catalyst system components into a reaction mixture within a reaction system, oligomerizing the olefin monomer within the reaction mixture to form an oligomer product, and periodically or continuously discharging a reaction system effluent comprising the oligomer product from the reaction system. The reaction system includes a total reaction mixture volume and a heat exchanged portion of the reaction system comprising a heat exchanged reaction mixture volume and a total heat exchanged surface area providing indirect contact between the reaction mixture and a heat exchange medium. A ratio of the total heat exchanged surface area to the total reaction mixture volume within the reaction system is in a range from 0.75 in?1 to 5 in?1, and an oligomer product discharge rate from the reaction system is between 1.0 (lb)(hr?1)(gal?1) to 6.0 (lb)(hr?1)(gal?1).

Abstract: A process comprising a) contacting (i) ethylene, (ii) a catalyst system comprising 1) a heteroatomic ligand iron salt complex, or a heteroatomic ligand and an iron salt, (iii) hydrogen, and (iv) optionally an organic reaction medium; and b) forming an oligomer product wherein 1) the oligomer product has a Schulz-Flory K value from 0.4 to 0.8 and 2) the oligomer product comprises (a) less than 1 wt. % of polymer, (b) less than 1 wt. % compounds having greater than 70 carbon atoms, (c) less than 1 wt. % compounds having a weight average molecular weight of greater than 1000 g/mol, or (d) any combination thereof wherein the weight percentage is based on the total weight of the oligomer product.

Abstract: A process includes periodically or continuously introducing an olefin monomer and periodically or continuously introducing a catalyst system or catalyst system components into a reaction mixture within a reaction system, oligomerizing the olefin monomer within the reaction mixture to form an oligomer product, and periodically or continuously discharging a reaction system effluent comprising the oligomer product from the reaction system. The reaction system includes a total reaction mixture volume and a heat exchanged portion of the reaction system comprising a heat exchanged reaction mixture volume and a total heat exchanged surface area providing indirect contact between the reaction mixture and a heat exchange medium. A ratio of the total heat exchanged surface area to the total reaction mixture volume within the reaction system is in a range from 0.75 in?1 to 5 in?1, and an oligomer product discharge rate from the reaction system is between 1.0 (lb)(hr?1)(gal?1) to 6.0 (lb)(hr?1)(gal?1).

Abstract: A process includes periodically or continuously introducing an olefin monomer and periodically or continuously introducing a catalyst system or catalyst system components into a reaction mixture within a reaction system, oligomerizing the olefin monomer within the reaction mixture to form an oligomer product, and periodically or continuously discharging a reaction system effluent comprising the oligomer product from the reaction system. The reaction system includes a total reaction mixture volume and a heat exchanged portion of the reaction system comprising a heat exchanged reaction mixture volume and a total heat exchanged surface area providing indirect contact between the reaction mixture and a heat exchange medium. A ratio of the total heat exchanged surface area to the total reaction mixture volume within the reaction system is in a range from 0.75 in?1 to 5 in?1, and an oligomer product discharge rate from the reaction system is between 1.0 (lb)(hr?1)(gal?1) to 6.0 (lb)(hr?1)(gal?1).