Abstract: This invention provides implantable medical devices having at least one moiety attached to the surface capable of catalyzing a reaction in vivo. The implantable medical device has a body such as a stent with a surface adapted to be placed adjacent to a biological tissue or fluid. The body has at least one moiety attached to the surface which is capable of catalyzing a first reaction upon contacting a first substrate in the biological tissue or fluid. The moiety remains attached to the surface after the first reaction and is capable of catalyzing at least a second reaction upon contacting a second substrate. In preferred embodiments the moiety is capable of catalyzing a multitude of reactions as substrates come into contact and then leave the surface of the device.

Abstract: This invention relates to the delivery of medicines, macromolecules, or other treating materials to tissues and/or fluids that are to be injected or placed within a human or animal body. The invention describes a method of introducing a treating material to fluids ex corpora using a malleable fracture stabilization device with micropores for directed drug delivery (U.S. Pat. No. 5,466,262) into which a medicine has been incorporated, an apparatus for managing macromolecular distribution (U.S. Pat. No. 5,653,760) that has been coated with a treating material, or any surface to which has been affixed a treating material. The invention describes the use of a disposable housing that contains a semipermeable membrane to which a treating material has been affixed. The invention teaches the use of a dialysis membrane to which heparin or other anticoagulant has been affixed, thereby substantially preventing thrombosis on the membrane while limiting the amount of heparin that must be given systemically.