Abstract: A novel process for treatment of low quality or brackish water that allows increased recovery of high quality water, recovers commodity minerals and reduces the volume of water and mass of solids that are disposed from the process.

Abstract: A novel process for treatment of low quality or brackish water that allows increased recovery of high quality water, recovers commodity minerals and reduces the volume of water and mass of solids that are disposed from the process.

Abstract: Mass spectrometers and related methods of making and using the same are disclosed herein that generally involve positioning a blocking or masking element in the path of an ion beam passing through the mass spectrometer so as to selectively block at least a portion of the ions in the ion beam from entering an accelerator. Mass spectrometers and related methods are also disclosed in which an ion beam passing through the mass spectrometer is deflected or otherwise aimed so as to approach a TOF axis of an accelerator at a non-zero angle.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a gas diffuser for use in a mass spectrometer is disclosed that can provide a controlled expansion of an ion-containing gas so as to reduce gas velocity for entry into subsequent stages of the mass spectrometer, e.g., a mass analyzer. In some embodiments, the controlled expansion of the gas is provided by flowing the gas through a channel whose cross-sectional area change, e.g. progressively increases, in the direction of the gas flow so as to provide controlled expansion of the gas.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a gas diffuser for use in a mass spectrometer is disclosed that can provide a controlled expansion of an ion-containing gas so as to reduce gas velocity for entry into subsequent stages of the mass spectrometer, e.g., a mass analyzer. In some embodiments, the controlled expansion of the gas is provided by flowing the gas through a channel whose cross-sectional area change, e.g. progressively increases, in the direction of the gas flow so as to provide controlled expansion of the gas.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a gas diffuser for use in a mass spectrometer is disclosed that can provide a controlled expansion of an ion-containing gas so as to reduce gas velocity for entry into subsequent stages of the mass spectrometer, e.g., a mass analyzer. In some embodiments, the controlled expansion of the gas is provided by flowing the gas through a channel whose cross-sectional area change, e.g. progressively increases, in the direction of the gas flow so as to provide controlled expansion of the gas.

Abstract: Mass spectrometers and related methods of making and using the same are disclosed herein that generally involve positioning a blocking or masking element in the path of an ion beam passing through the mass spectrometer so as to selectively block at least a portion of the ions in the ion beam from entering an accelerator. Mass spectrometers and related methods are also disclosed in which an ion beam passing through the mass spectrometer is deflected or otherwise aimed so as to approach a TOF axis of an accelerator at a non-zero angle.

Abstract: A system and method for performing MS/MS of everything are provided. Ionisable materials separated in order of molecular weight in a plurality of mass ranges are received at a mass spectrometer system in a given order in time, each mass range comprising a respective center mass value and a respective width. The ionisable materials are ionised in the given order that each of the plurality of mass ranges are received, to form respective precursor ions in a respective given mass range. The respective precursor ions are filtered via a mass filter module, a mass scan range of the mass filter module synchronized with the given order in which each of the plurality of mass ranges are received. The respective precursor ions are fragmented, via a fragmentation module, to form respective product ions. The respective product ions are analyzed in a mass spectrometer module to produce product ion spectra.

Abstract: A novel method for improving water recovery from desalination systems by the removal of cations and/or anions using ion exchange (IX) technology. The system described herein is particularly useful for water recovery in brackish ecosystems and is unique in that important features include recycling, regeneration, and recovery of key components, thereby reducing costs and waste products.

Abstract: Various embodiments are described herein for an apparatus that can be used to interface a Differential Mobility Analyzer (DMA) with a Mass Spectrometer (MS). The apparatus includes first and second plates with first and second apertures respectively, and an interface region in between the first and second plates. During use, the first aperture receives mobility separated ions from the DMA, the interface region receives a gas flow to prevent gas outflow from the DMA toward the MS, and the first and second plates are configured to receive voltages to generate an electric field there between to guide the mobility separated ions from the first aperture to the second aperture, which then provides the mobility separated ions to the MS.

Abstract: A mass spectrometer and method for performing high resolution mass spectrometry are provided, the mass spectrometer comprising an electrostatic trap and mass analyzer. The electrostatic trap comprises entrance and exit ends, entrance and exit end ion mirrors, a central field-free region, and a longitudinal axis. The mass analyzer receives ions from the exit end. Ions are admitted into the electrostatic trap via the entrance end, trapping ions in the electrostatic trap, the ions oscillating between the entrance and exit end ion mirrors along the axis. The electrostatic trap waits for the ions to separate into bunches different m/z values via the oscillating, and then excites a given bunch of ions of a given m/z value along the axis until at least a portion of the given bunch overcomes a barrier field at the exit end ion mirror, exiting the electrostatic trap for analysis, leaving behind remaining ions.

Abstract: A mass spectrometer and method for performing high resolution mass spectrometry are provided, the mass spectrometer comprising an electrostatic trap and mass analyzer. The electrostatic trap comprises entrance and exit ends, entrance and exit end ion mirrors, a central field-free region, and a longitudinal axis. The mass analyzer receives ions from the exit end. Ions are admitted into the electrostatic trap via the entrance end, trapping ions in the electrostatic trap, the ions oscillating between the entrance and exit end ion mirrors along the axis. The electrostatic trap waits for the ions to separate into bunches different m/z values via the oscillating, and then excites a given bunch of ions of a given m/z value along the axis until at least a portion of the given bunch overcomes a barrier field at the exit end ion mirror, exiting the electrostatic trap for analysis, leaving behind remaining ions.

Abstract: A system and method for performing MS/MS of everything are provided. Ionisable materials separated in order of molecular weight in a plurality of mass ranges are received at a mass spectrometer system in a given order in time, each mass range comprising a respective center mass value and a respective width. The ionisable materials are ionised in the given order that each of the plurality of mass ranges are received, to form respective precursor ions in a respective given mass range. The respective precursor ions are filtered via a mass filter module, a mass scan range of the mass filter module synchronized with the given order in which each of the plurality of mass ranges are received. The respective precursor ions are fragmented, via a fragmentation module, to form respective product ions. The respective product ions are analyzed in a mass spectrometer module to produce product ion spectra.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of analyzing ions is described in which a Differential Mobility Analyzer (DMA) is combined with an analysis device. The DMS can be operated in first and second modes of operation to produce a plurality of ions that are sampled and analyzed by the analysis device. In the first mode of operation the DMA is configured to enable ion mobility separation and the analysis device samples and analyzes ions having ion mobility in a certain range of ion mobility and in the second mode of operation the DMA is configured to disable ion mobility separation and the analysis device samples and analyzes ions without discrimination based on ion mobility.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for acquiring time profiles of ion intensities of product ions in a mass spectrometer is provided. The mass spectrometer comprises an ion trap, a fragmentation module connected to the ion trap, and a mass analyzer module positioned to receive ions from the fragmentation module. Precursor ions, trapped in the ion trap, are ejected from the ion trap in order of m/z ratio. At least of some the precursor ions are fragmented at the fragmentation module to form product ions. Time profiles of ion intensities of the product ions are acquired, the product ions received at the mass analyzer module, by recording a plurality of product mass spectra for each respective precursor ion. The plurality of product mass spectra is processed, using the time profile intensities, to associate respective product ions with the respective precursor ions.

Abstract: A method of processing multiple precursor ions in a tandem mass spectrometer includes generating a plurality of precursor ions with an ion source. At least some of the plurality of precursor ions is trapped in an ion trap. At least two precursor ions of interest are isolated from the plurality of precursor ions with a filtered noise field. Precursor ions of interest are sequentially ejected toward a collision cell. The sequentially ejected precursor ions of interest are fragmented in a collision cell. The mass-to-charge ratio spectra of the fragmented ions are then determined with a mass spectrometer.

Abstract: A method of analyzing ions is provided having a first ion guide with first and second ends and introducing a first group of ions and a second group of ions of opposite polarity into the first ion guide, and applying an RF voltage potential to the first ion guide for confining the first and second groups of ions radially within the first ion guide. A first trapping barrier is provided to the first end of the first ion guide for trapping the first group of ions within the first ion guide and a second trapping barrier is provided to the second end of the first ion guide for trapping the second group of ions within the first ion guide and an axial field is provided for pushing the first group of ions toward the first trapping barrier and pushing the second group of ions toward the second trapping barrier.

Abstract: A method of operating a mass spectrometer having a rod set is provided. The rod set has a first end, a second end opposite to the first end, and a longitudinal axis extending between the first end and the second end.

Abstract: An apparatus and method of analyzing ions is described in which a Differential Mobility Analyzer (DMA) is combined with an analysis device. The DMS can be operated in first and second modes of operation to produce a plurality of ions that are sampled and analyzed by the analysis device. In the first mode of operation the DMA is configured to enable ion mobility separation and the analysis device samples and analyzes ions having ion mobility in a certain range of ion mobility and in the second mode of operation the DMA is configured to disable ion mobility separation and the analysis device samples and analyzes ions without discrimination based on ion mobility.

Abstract: Various embodiments are described herein for an apparatus that can be used to interface a Differential Mobility Analyzer (DMA) with a Mass Spectrometer (MS). The apparatus includes first and second plates with first and second apertures respectively, and an interface region in between the first and second plates. During use, the first aperture receives mobility separated ions from the DMA, the interface region receives a gas flow to prevent gas outflow from the DMA toward the MS, and the first and second plates are configured to receive voltages to generate an electric field there between to guide the mobility separated ions from the first aperture to the second aperture, which then provides the mobility separated ions to the MS.