Abstract: An apparatus for the in situ, sequential anaerobic and aerobic treatment of contaminated water is disclosed which includes definition of a treatment flow path for water from a source of contaminated water and division of this flow path into a first region and a second region. An anaerobic bioreactor is disposed in the first region for anaerobic biodegradation of the contaminants within the water. An aerobic bioreactor is disposed in the second region, for aerobic biodegradation of contaminants within the water. The apparatus also causes the water to flow from the source of contaminated water into the treatment flow path, through the anaerobic bioreactor in the first region, through the aerobic bioreactor in the second region, and then back to the source of contaminated water. Also disclosed is a method for treating contaminated water, which includes the steps of defining a treatment flow path for water from a source of contaminated water, and dividing the flow path into distinct anaerobic and aerobic regions.

Abstract: A method of circulating ground water in a ground region with a fall of a ground water level, comprises the steps of forming a first well shaft with a water permeable shaft wall in a ground region through which ground water flows, forming at least one second well shaft with a water permeable shaft wall at a distance from the first shaft wall in a ground region with a lower ground water level than in the first well shaft, providing a transverse connection between the first well shaft and the at least one second well shaft so that the ground water can flow from the first well shaft under the action of a ground water level fall into the at least one second well shaft.

Abstract: A clarifying device for waste water has a plurality of containers for receiving waste water, and a device for aerating or gasifying waste water in at least one of the containers. The containers are formed as treatment cells which are combinable with one another to provide a waste water throughflow and which are small when compared with conventional clarifying reservoirs. The treatment cells are closed from outside. A negative pressure source is connected with the treatment cells for producing negative pressure in the latter.

Abstract: An arrangement for removing impurities from ground water and surrounding ground region has a wall shaft driven to a contaminated region and provided with at least locally permeable well shaft, a separating wall subdividing the well shaft into two well shaft regions which are sealed from one another, a device for removing impurities arranged in the well shaft so that ground water passes through the device, a tube provided with a feed pump and extending through the separating wall, and an opening provided in one of the well shaft regions to communicate the one well shaft region with the tube, wherein the tube has a tube portion extending through the opening and accommodating an additional feed pump.

Abstract: A device for rinsing contaminants from ground comprises a perforated well tube sunk through a well shaft in the ground to ground water. The ground water is received in the well shaft through lower perforations, pumped up the well shaft, and out to upper ground regions through upper perforations, so that it can circulate back down to the ground water level, thus flushing contaminants from the upper ground regions. The circulation is accomplished with a well tube insert assembly placed in the well tube, comprising a seal device intermediate upper and lower well tube portions, a pipe through the seal, and a pump in the pipe to pump water from the lower portion to the upper portion. After circulation is established, the well tube insert assembly may be raised within the well tube to raise the level of circulation in the ground. A filter or cleaning device may be placed in the circulation path to remove contaminants.

Abstract: A test taking arrangement for several separate testing points, especially for ground water and ground air tests, the arrangement has a guiding tube insertable into a ground opening and having a wall which is gas and liquid permeable at least in regions of testing points, transverse walls arranged in the guiding tube between the regions of the testing points and provided with closeable openings for testing conduits and a cylinder-piston unit train, a cylinder-piston unit train having a plurality of coaxially arranged cylinder-piston units and piston rods, a joint drive device coupled with all the piston rods of all the cylinder-piston units of the cylinder-piston unit train, a plurality of suction conduits and pressure conduits, and an alternating valve to provide a connection of each cylinder chamber of the cylinder-piston unit train with a corresponding suction conduits ending in the region of a testing point and with a corresponding one of the pressure conduits leading to a corresponding sample taking point

Abstract: A method of influencing a liquid in ground by forming a liquid circulation in ground comprises a shaft arranged in ground and extending to a desired liquid region, a pump arranged in the shaft for producing a liquid circulation, the pump having a feeding power selected so that in a shaft surrounding a liquid peak located above a normal liquid level is produced.

Abstract: For obtaining liquids and/or gases contained in ground or rock formation, contaminants or useful substances, especially oils, at least one shaft is arranged in a corresponding region, a negative pressure is formed in the shaft provided with a casing having vertically spaced permeable and impermeable wall portions so as to produce a circulation of an available or introduced liquid from ground or rock formations through a first permeable wall region into the shaft, further in an axial direction of the shaft, and then through a second permeable wall region back into the ground or rock formations, gases entrained in the circulation of liquids are separated from the liquid by a negative pressure device, and a second shaft is arranged near the first mentioned shaft so that the circulations of liquid in the shafts touch or intersect one another.

Abstract: A measurement of geohydraulic permeability of ground regions is performed by producing a negative pressure in a well shaft and a measuring of the resulting raise or lowering of the ground water level in the well shaft without pumping out of ground water from the shaft.

Abstract: A method of yielding oil residues or oil containing liquids from contaminated ground layers, includes forming at least two adjacent bore holes in a contaminated ground region, producing connecting passages between the bore holes by loosening and partially rinsing out components of a ground material which surrounds the bore holes and directing a liquid in at least one of the bore holes; applying an underpressure in at least one of the bore holes for aspirating the liquid upwardly, supplying a fluid in at least another one of the bore hole with maintaining a pressure difference between the bore holes, and aspirating in the bore hole under pressure oil separated from the liquid in a raised liquid column or an oil containing cover layer of the liquid column.

Abstract: A method of forming well regions for improving well efficiency is performed by forming a first bore hole to a ground region having a relatively good liquid guiding properties, forming at least one second bore hole near the first bore hole to the same ground region, loosening and at least partially washing out components of a ground material surrounding the bore holes in the ground region by at least one of pumping in or aspirating liquid into or out at least one of the bore holes, and introducing into at least one of the bore holes after removing a bore tube, a well tube so that permeable well tube regions are located at the height of the washed ground region surrounding the bore holes.

Abstract: An arrangement for cleaning contaminated ground water and a ground region through which it flows comprises a shaft extending to a region of ground water to be cleaned, the shaft having a shaft wall with two water permeable wall regions located above and below a ground water level so that a separating region is formed in the shaft between the water permeable regions under the ground water level, a throughgoing passage extending through the separating region and ending above the ground water level in the shaft, a filter arranged in the shaft, a circulating pump arranged in the shaft so that the throughgoing passage forms a part of a flow path. The circulating pump provides a ground water circulation which passes through the shaft, through the water permeable wall regions, through the surrounding ground region and through the filter arranged in the shaft. The filter includes a pourable and fluid filter material which fills a shaft chamber located under the separating region.

Abstract: An arrangement for cleaning ground water and ground region through which it passes comprises transporting unit for producing a liquid circulation between a well shaft extending in the region of contaminated ground water and the surrounding region, unit for separating the well shaft into an upper region and a lower region, a water permeable shaft wall arranged at least locally for aspiration of water from and reintroduction of water into the ground, unit for connecting the regions with one another and including a throughgoing tube in which the transporting unit operate, and unit forming filter chambers in the upper region and in the lower region of the well shaft. The filter chambers occupy the whole free cross-section of the well shaft and extend at least in the upper well region upwardly over an upper edge of the water permeable shaft wall into an outwardly closed shaft region.

Abstract: An arrangement for driving out of volatile impurities from ground water and a ground region through which the ground water flows has a well shaft extending to a region with contaminated ground water, and a nozzle member for introducing a gas into the ground water in the shaft. The nozzle member is formed by a sieve wall portion of the well shaft arranged above a ground water level in the ground region, so that it can be located at least partially underneath the ground water during a raising of the ground water level in the well shaft under the action of a negative pressure produced in the well shaft, and a filter insert arranged upstream of the sieve wall portion.

Abstract: An arrangement for treating a gas from a contaminated ground region in situ has a shaft wall which is at least partially gas-permeable and forms a shaft in a gas-tightly closed ground region. The shaft wall has a gas-impermeable shaft portion spaced from a shaft opening and two gas-permeable wall portions which surround the gas-impermeable wall portion. Gas transporting means produces a gas circulating flow in the shaft and in the ground region. At least one device for influences the intensity of the gas flow in the shaft in dependence on the density of the ground region for producing and maintaining a laminar gas flow in the ground region. At least one element provided in the region of the gas-permeable wall operates for changing a composition of the gas flow.

Abstract: An arrangement is provided for expelling highly volatile impurities from a ground water and a soil through which the ground water flows under the action of vacuum in a well shaft driven into an area of contaminated ground water and by directing a gas below a water level in the well shaft.

Abstract: An arrangement for driving out of volatile impurities from ground water and a ground region through which the ground water flows comprises a well shaft extending to a region with contaminated ground water and having at least partially water-permeable shaft walls, a unit for supplying fresh air under a ground water level into the well shaft, and at least one vibration generator which produces mechanical vibrations with a limited energy such that the vibrations cause molecular liquid movements in capillaries of ground layers adjacent the contaminated ground water and do not destroy the capillaries.

Abstract: An arrangement for driving out volatile impurities from ground water by air or another gas, has a shaft adapted to extend to a ground water region and having at least locally a water-permeable wall formed as another wall and limiting at least partially an air receiving chamber communicating with an outside air, a ventilator communicating with the shaft for producing a negative pressure and aspirating air from a shaft portion located above a ground water level, a pipe extending in the shaft to an area under the ground water level so as to form the air receiving chamber and to provide communication to the outside air, the pipe having an inner end region provided with nozzle openings, a screening sleeve arranged concentrically relative to the pipe and at least partially covering the end region of said pipe provided with said nozzle openings. The screening sleeve is supported displaceably relative to the pipe and sealed relative to the pipe and a floating body coupled with the pipe.

Abstract: An arrangement for cleaning contaminated ground water and a ground region through which it flows, comprises a shaft extending to a region of the ground water to be cleaned and having water permeable shaft walls separated from one another by a separating wall and adapted for aspirating of water from a ground region and reintroducing of the water into the ground region, elements for circulating water and including a water circulating pump and a passage extending through the separating wall and forming a part of a flow path, a shaft insert formed so that the passage is a part of the shaft insert. The shaft insert has a gas chamber through which a gas is supplied under the action of negative pressure. The water circulating pump is formed as a suction pump arranged on the shaft insert in a water aspiration region of the shaft. A water receiving chamber starts underneath the gas chamber and extends above the gas chamber.

Abstract: An arrangement for driving out volatile impurities from a ground water and a ground region through which the ground water passes by introducing air or another gas into an opening in the ground region and subsequent aspiration of the air or the gas with entrained contamination substances, the contains a cup insert arranged to close an opening formed in a ground region at its lower end and provided with a closed wall, and two pipes arranged concentrically in the opening for supplying the air or gas and withdrawing the air or gas, respectively. The pipes include an inner pipe extending into an interior of the cup insert.