Abstract: The degradation of an absorbent solution comprising organic compounds provided with an amine function in aqueous solution is reduced considerably in the presence of a small amount of degradation-inhibiting additives belonging to the class of derivatives of pyrimidine or of triazine, at least one substituent of which contains a sulfur atom. The absorbent solution is employed for deacidifying a gaseous effluent.

Abstract: The degradation of an absorbent solution comprising organic compounds with an amine functional group in aqueous solution is substantially reduced in the presence of a small amount of degradation inhibiting agents belonging to the family of derivatives of triazoles or of a tetrazole at least one substituent of which contains a sulfur atom. The absorbent solution is used to deacidize a gaseous effluent.

Abstract: The degradation of an absorbent solution comprising organic compounds having a amine function in aqueous solution is substantially reduced in the presence of a small amount of thiadiazole-derived degradation inhibiting agents defined by the general formula as follows: The absorbent solution is used to deacidize a gaseous effluent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of removing acid gases, notably carbonyl sulfide, contained in gaseous effluents, comprising: an acid gas absorption stage by contacting the gaseous effluent with an aqueous solution comprising 2-[2-amino-1-(aminomethyl)ethoxy]ethanol, and possibly another alkanolamine and an organic compound, and at least one aqueous solution regeneration stage. The method can comprise a second aqueous solution regeneration stage. The regeneration stages are carried out by expansion and/or thermal regeneration.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an ester composition comprising ethyl esters of linear monocarboxylic acids having 6 to 26 carbon atoms from a vegetable or an animal oil, neutral or acid, virgin or recycled, the method comprising: a stage 1 of reaction of vegetable or animal oil with methanol, in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst comprising a combination of at least one metallic oxide and alumina or a combination of at least two metallic oxides and possibly alumina, and a stage 2 of reaction of the product from stage 1 with ethanol in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst as defined for stage 1, so as to obtain from vegetable or animal oils, a mixture of fatty acid esters rich in fatty acid ethyl esters and a glycerin of high purity.

Abstract: The invention describes a method of converting biomass to products that can be incorporated into the diesel fuel pool, comprising a first stage of fermentation of renewable raw materials of vegetable origin at the end of which a least one alcohol and at least one compound containing a carbonyl group are obtained, and a second stage corresponding to an acetalization reaction involving said alcohol and said compound containing a carbonyl group.

Abstract: A method allowing, from natural fat or oils, vegetable or animal, or from other glyceride mixtures, to obtain in a quasi-quantitative way fatty acid ethyl esters that can be used as gas oil substitutes, comprises the succession of stages as follows: a stage (a) wherein the oil, the fat or the glyceride mixture is transesterified by ethanol using a soluble catalyst or a catalyst that becomes soluble during the reaction, a stage (b) wherein the glycerin formed is decanted and removed, without requiring an excess ethanol evaporation operation, a stage (c) wherein a second transesterification reaction is carried out so as to obtain a product whose ester content is at least 97% by mass, a stage (d) wherein controlled neutralization of the catalyst is carried out, a stage (e) wherein the excess ethanol is removed by distillation, a stage (f) wherein the ester undergoes purification by means of water wash sequences, and a stage (g) wherein the ester mixture is dried under reduced pressure.

Abstract: A process for treating a gas containing hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and sulphur dioxide, contacting the gas at a suitable temperature with an organic solvent containing at least a soluble catalytic system, comprising at least one compound comprising at least one functional group A consisting of a carboxylic acid function and at least one functional group B comprising at least one nitrogen atom and which can produce an acid-base type reaction with at least one functional group A under the operating conditions of said process; and recovering a gaseous effluent substantially depleted in hydrogen sulphide and sulphur dioxide along with liquid sulphur separated from the solvent by liquid-liquid decantation.

Abstract: A novel process is described for producing esters of linear monocarboxylic acids containing 6 to 26 carbon atoms, by reacting vegetable or animal oils, neutral or otherwise, with monoalcohols containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst selected from: mixtures of titanium oxide and alumina having formula: (TiOx)y(Al2O3)1-y where x has the value 1.5 to 2.2 and y, representing the weight ratio of the two oxides, has a value of 0.005 to 0.995; mixtures of zirconium oxide and alumina having formula: (ZrOx)y(Al2O3)1-y where x has the value 1.5 to 2.2 and y has a value of 0.005 to 0.995; and mixtures of antimony oxide and alumina having formula: (SbOx)y(Al2O3)1-y where x has the value 1.2 to 2.6 and y has a value of 0.005 to 0.995, in order to directly produce, in one or more steps, an ester for use as a fuel and a pure glycerin.

Abstract: A method allowing, from natural fat or oils, or from other glyceride mixtures, to obtain fatty acid ethyl esters that can be used as gas oil substitutes, comprises: stage (a) oil, fat or a glyceride mixture is transesterified by ethanol using a soluble catalyst or a catalyst that becomes soluble during the reaction; stage (b) resultant glycerin is decanted and removed, without requiring an excess ethanol evaporation operation, stage (c) a second transesterification is conducted to obtain a product whose ester content is at least 97% by mass, stage (d) evaporation of excess ethanol is carried out in the presence of the catalyst under suitable conditions preventing a reverse transesterification reaction, the resultant ethanol being practically anhydrous, stage (e) the ester undergoes purification by water wash sequences, and stage (f) the ester is dried under reduced pressure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of removing acid gases, notably carbonyl sulfide, contained in gaseous effluents, comprising: an acid gas absorption stage by contacting the gaseous effluent with an aqueous solution comprising 2-[2-amino-1-(aminomethyl)ethoxy]ethanol, and possibly another alkanolamine and an organic compound, and at least one aqueous solution regeneration stage. The method can comprise a second aqueous solution regeneration stage. The regeneration stages are carried out by expansion and/or thermal regeneration.

Abstract: A process for producing biofuels by transforming triglycerides into at least two families of biofuels, monoesters of fatty acids and soluble ethers and/or acetals of glycerol, comprises: at least one transesterification step in which said triglyceride is reacted by heterogeneous catalysis with at least one primary monoalcohol selected from methanol and ethanol to produce at least one methyl and/or ethyl ester of the fatty acids of the starting triglycerides and glycerol, said products being free of by-products; and an etherification step in which the glycerol is reacted with at least one olefinic hydrocarbon containing 4 to 12 carbon atoms; and/or an acetalization step in which the glycerol is reacted with at least one compound selected from aldehydes, ketones and acetals derived from aldehydes or ketones.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of deacidizing a gaseous effluent comprising at least one of the acid compounds as follows: H2S, mercaptans, CO2, COS, SO2, CS2, wherein the following stages are carried out: a) contacting the acid compounds contained in said effluent with reactive compounds forming a liquid, so as to obtain a gaseous effluent depleted in acid compounds and a first liquid fraction comprising products formed by reaction of the reactive compounds with acid compounds, and reactive compounds that did not react with acid compounds, b) contacting said products contained in the first liquid fraction with extraction compounds forming a second liquid fraction so as to obtain a product-depleted first liquid fraction and a product-enriched second liquid fraction, c) recycling to stage a) the first liquid fraction obtained in stage b), said first liquid fraction obtained making up at least part of said liquid, d) regenerating the second liquid fraction obtained in stage b) so as to release acid c

Abstract: A method allowing, from natural fat or oils, vegetable or animal, or from other glyceride mixtures, to obtain in a quasi-quantitative way fatty acid ethyl esters that can be used as gas oil substitutes, comprises the succession of stages as follows: a stage (a) wherein the oil, the fat or the glyceride mixture is transesterified by ethanol using a soluble catalyst or a catalyst that becomes soluble during the reaction, a stage (b) wherein the glycerin formed is decanted and removed, without requiring an excess ethanol evaporation operation, a stage (c) wherein a second transesterification reaction is carried out so as to obtain a product whose ester content is at least 97% by mass, a stage (d) wherein controlled neutralization of the catalyst is carried out, a stage (e) wherein the excess ethanol is removed by distillation, a stage (f) wherein the ester undergoes purification by means of water wash sequences, and a stage (g) wherein the ester mixture is dried under reduced pressure.

Abstract: A method allowing, from natural fat or oils, vegetable or animal, or from other glyceride mixtures, to obtain in a quasi-quantitative way fatty acid ethyl esters that can be used as gas oil substitutes, comprises the succession of stages as follows: a stage (a) wherein the oil, the fat or the glyceride mixture is transesterified by ethanol using a soluble catalyst or a catalyst that becomes soluble during the reaction, a stage (b) wherein the glycerin formed is decanted and removed, without requiring an excess ethanol evaporation operation, a stage (c) wherein a second transesterification reaction is carried out so as to obtain a product whose ester content is at least 97% by mass, a stage (d) wherein evaporation of the excess ethanol is carried out in the presence of the catalyst under suitable conditions preventing a reverse transesterification reaction, the ethanol being obtained practically anhydrous (it can be recycled in the process without requiring rectification), a stage (e) wherein the, ester underg

Abstract: Method of manufacturing an ester composition comprising ethyl esters of linear monocarboxylic acids having 6 to 26 carbon atoms from a vegetable or an animal oil, neutral or acid, virgin or recycled, said method being characterized in that it comprises: a stage 1 of reaction of said vegetable or animal oil with methanol, in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst comprising a combination of at least one metallic oxide and alumina or a combination of at least two metallic oxides and possibly alumina, and a stage 2 of reaction of the product from stage 1 with ethanol in the presence of a heterogeneous catalyst defined in the same manner as the heterogeneous catalyst used in stage 1, allowing to obtain from vegetable or animal oils, in an economical way, a mixture of fatty acid esters rich in fatty acid ethyl esters and a glycerin of high purity.

Abstract: A new process for the production of linear monocarboxylic acid esters with 6 to 26 carbon atoms, by reaction of vegetable oils or animal oils that may or may not be neutral, with monoalcohols of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, uses a catalyst that is selected from among: the combinations of zinc oxides and titanium oxides; the combinations of zinc oxide, titanium oxide and alumina; the combinations of bismuth and titanium oxides; and the combinations of bismuth oxide, titanium oxide and alumina. The process makes it possible to produce directly, in one or more stages, an ester that can be used as a fuel and a pure glycerin.

Abstract: A process for treating a gas containing hydrogen sulphide (H2S) and sulphur dioxide (SO2) is described in which: said gas is brought into contact at a suitable temperature with an organic solvent containing at least a soluble catalytic system, comprising at least one compound comprising at least one functional group A consisting of a carboxylic acid function and at least one functional group B comprising at least one nitrogen atom and which can produce an acid-base type reaction with at least one functional group A under the operating conditions of said process; a gaseous effluent substantially depleted in hydrogen sulphide and sulphur dioxide is recovered, along with liquid sulphur separated from the solvent by liquid-liquid decantation; said catalytic system which is employed slowing by-product formation.

Abstract: A diese fuel composition containing a major proportion of at least one diesel fuel and a minor proportion of at least one glycerol acetal carbonate of the formulae: in which: R1 and R2 each represent a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon radical with 1 to 20 carbon atoms that is aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic, an alkyl-ether chain, whereby R1 and R2 together can form an oxygenated heterocyclic radical; R3 is a radical that is defined as R1 or R2, except for the hydrogen atom, or a radical of the formula: where R1 and R2 are defined as above.

Abstract: A novel process is described for producing esters of linear monocarboxylic acids containing 6 to 26 carbon atoms, by reacting vegetable or animal oils, neutral or otherwise, with monoalcohols containing 1 to 18 carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst selected from: mixtures of titanium oxide and alumina having formula: (TiOx)y(Al2O3)1-y where x has the value 1.5 to 2.2 and y, representing the weight ratio of the two oxides, has a value of 0.005 to 0.995; mixtures of zirconium oxide and alumina having formula: (ZrOx)y(Al2O3)1-y where x has the value 1.5 to 2.2 and y has a value of 0.005 to 0.995; and mixtures of antimony oxide and alumina having formula: (SbOx)y(Al2O3)1-y where x has the value 1.2 to 2.6 and y has a value of 0.005 to 0.995, in order to directly produce, in one or more steps, an ester for use as a fuel and a pure glycerin.