Abstract: Current electronic cards, such as, for example, proximity cards, smartcards for short, can transmit data to a reader unit over a range of up to about 10 cm. Boosters are used to improve convenience which in essence represent a wireless extension. This is however not adequate with regards to autonomy, function (as a result of termination) and for the differing applications. A method is disclosed in which the transmission of service-specific codes, stored on a number of different smartcards, to a portable device is carried out. The portable device then transmits one or more of the codes via several different communication connections so that access to a service can be activated. By providing services to the corresponding authorized communication connection a modular system is achieved, permitting multiple access for a user to services.

Abstract: To minimise the power consumption when registering an electronic ticket, a bidirectional communication in a higher frequency band is initiated when the electronic ticket has received a wake-up signal in a lower frequency band via a highly sensitive receive module. During entry stamping, a wake-up telegram containing an identity of the detection space is transferred to and stored in the electronic ticket. The wake-up telegram is received in the lower frequency band by another receive module in the electronic ticket.

Abstract: A method and a system for registering tickets includes defining a waking zone with a transceiver unit having a transmitting unit, defining a registration zone with a registration transceiver unit, providing tickets having a processor, a memory, a ticket receiver, and a ticket transceiver for communicating between the waking zone and the tickets, transmitting a first information unit from the transmitting unit to the ticket receiver of a ticket located in the waking zone, activating the ticket transceiver of the ticket located in the waking zone with an item of information contained in the first information unit, at a beginning of ticket registration, setting up a bi-directional communication between the registration transceiver unit and a ticket transceiver of a ticket located in the registration zone through additional information units, and registering ticket presence to establish a service to be used or a defined presence.

Abstract: In order further to minimise the power consumption when registering electronic tickets, a method is proposed in which the bidirectional communication in a higher frequency band is initiated when the tickets have received a wake-up signal in a lower frequency band via a further highly sensitive receive module. This so-called space wake-up precedes the entry stamping which takes place in accordance with the prior art. Entry stamping means: transferring and storing a wake-up telegram containing an identity of the detection space, said wake-up telegram being received by a first receive module which is contained in a ticket.

Abstract: In an entrance zone, or a prompting zone, a second transmitting receiving module located on the ticketed is activated. A communication can thus be established between the ticket and a second transmitting receiving unit which is assigned to a detection zone. During this communication, the presence of the ticket is determined and registered in a defined time slot pattern. This guarantees a reliable and fraud proof detection of tickets. The method and system for registering tickets is used in public transport, at exhibitions and in secured areas.

Abstract: Electronic tickets are triggered by a trigger message, out of a standby state, for the determination of used capacity. In order to further reduce energy requirements, or to increase the autonomy of the tickets, a trigger message recognition and selection is disclosed, whereby firstly a trigger message is detected in a receiver and, subsequently, when information contained in a detected tigger message is destined for the relevant ticket, a processor module is activated by means of a switch. In a preferred embodiment, the activation is a multi-stage form, in which a digital filter is arranged between the receiver and processor module which can also be activated by a switch. The switch for activating the process module may be operated by the digital filter.

Abstract: A method and a system for registering tickets includes defining a waking zone with a transceiver unit having a transmitting unit, defining a registration zone with a registration transceiver unit, providing tickets having a processor, a memory, a ticket receiver, and a ticket transceiver for communicating between the waking zone and the tickets, transmitting a first information unit from the transmitting unit to the ticket receiver of a ticket located in the waking zone, activating the ticket transceiver of the ticket located in the waking zone with an item of information contained in the first information unit, at a beginning of ticket registration, setting up a bi-directional communication between the registration transceiver unit and a ticket transceiver of a ticket located in the registration zone through additional information units, and registering ticket presence to establish a service to be used or a defined presence.

Abstract: Send filter for an echo canceler.

Abstract: Echo canceler. A circuit arrangement for the cancellation of echo signals, wherein in the received path, an analog/digital converter is connected with a first adder and a second adder is interposed after the analog/digital converter, with the estimated echo signal being divided into first and second portions, whereby the first portion is transmitted to the first adder and the second portion is transmitted to the second adder for the production of the received signal. In a further embodiment, a third adder is interposed between the analog/digital converter and the second adder, via which the output signal of a compensation filter is added to the signal in the received path.

Abstract: A clock regenerator is designed as a phase locked loop (PLL) and comprises a phase detector (DET) which compares the phase of the input signal (Sp) with that of the output signal (Sa), the frequency of the phase detector being approximately N times smaller than the oscillator frequency. In the phase detector (DET), there are obtained from a regenerated output signal (Sa) two signals delayed by L/N periods, wherein L is a small integer, in order to form therefrom a pulse window comprising at least three zones. The clock regenerator comprises a loop filter (FIL) with a counter, the status of which is recorded in a logic circuit which controls a programmable divisor (DIV) in such a way that when the edges of the input pulse (Sp) fall in the central most zone, the counter counts toward zero and no correction is brought about.

Abstract: The active equalization circuit utilizes an electronic potentiometer inserted between the output of an addition amplifier and the input of the equalization structure, wherein the controlled output signal of the potentiometer is supplied to the addition input of the addition amplifier via the series circuit of an impedance transformer and of an impedance. A control network with at least one current controlled circuit functions as the electronic potentiometer. This current controlled circuit being inserted between the input of the impedance transformer and the output of the addition amplifier, and/or between the input of the impedance transformer and the input connection of the equalization structure. The active equalization circuit can be advantageously inserted in a hybrid arrangement between the output of a hybrid circuit connected to a two-wire line and the input of an echo compensator, where the echo compensator is controlled via a control circuit by the output signal of the echo compensator.