Abstract: Provided is a method of fabricating a substrate having on a surface thereof two or more spatially-resolved regions, each with a defined amount or concentration of one of one or more chemical components, the method comprising: associating a chemical component with particles of 1 &mgr;m to 500 &mgr;m diameter; electrostatically depositing the particles on the appropriate regions; and if a said spatially-resolved region is to receive a second chemical component, repeating steps (a) and (b) for that chemical component and the appropriate regions.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for separating, in a medium, a component from a composition comprising: (1) an array of three or more electrodes arrayed along a pathway along which molecules of the composition are transported; and (2) a power source device for delivering to voltage to the electrodes; wherein the voltages delivered to the electrode array by the power source device are effective to: (a) alter the relative movement along the transport pathway of two or more of the molecules caused by a motive force, or (b) cause the molecules to move along the transport pathway.