Abstract: A method and device for containing or encompassing the roots of the plant comprises a base sheet of material containing at least one selected area on the sheet facing the roots, the at least one selected area containing selected nutrients for promoting plant and/or root growth.

Abstract: A water barrier sheet that is a composite of a membrane of impervious material, such as high density polyethylene, a layer of particles which are capable of swelling in presence of a liquid, such as sodium montmorillonite, or modified sodium montmorillonite that is organophilic held on the membrane, and an overlying sheet of water permeable material that is caused to adhere to the particulate layer. The water permeable material layer is a cloth sheet that tends to keep the layer of particulate material together and protects the particles from mechanical abrasion, and yet permits liquids to penetrate into the layer of particulates for waterproofing action.

Abstract: A waterproof sheet used to waterproof structures has a single layer of non-degradable, water impermeable polymeric membrane that has layers of particles of non-hydrated sodium montmorillonite (sodium bentonite) adhering to the membrane in a uniform layered thickness. The layers of particles of sodium montmorillonite spaced from the membrane adhere to each other, with a coating material (adhesive) that is designed to provide the necessary performance for waterproofing. A water soluble dye is provided in the layer of particles so if a tear occurs in the impermeable membrane and water contacts the particles, the dye will stain the membrane and mark the location of the tear.

Abstract: A waterproofing strip used to seal interfacing surfaces of building components has a single layer of a non-degradable, water impermeable polymeric membrane that has layers of particles of non-hydrated sodium montmorillonite (sodium bentonite) adhering to walls of the opposite surfaces thereof. The strip is placed between or across interfacing surfaces of two building components to prevent water migration.

Abstract: A waterproofing sheet used to waterproof structures above and below grade has a single layer of non-degradable, water impermeable polymeric membrane that has layers of particles of non-hydrated sodium montmorillonite (sodium bentonite) adhering to the membrane in a uniform layered thickness. The layers of particles of sodium montmorillonite spaced from the membrane adhere to each other, with a coating material (adhesive) that is designed to provide the necessary performance for waterproofing under a high water head (hydrostatic pressure). The material is in sectioned sheet or roll form and can be easily applied on the job.

Abstract: A liquid system containing no water to form an underground waterproof coating material containing a high concentration (70%+) of bentonite (sodium montmorillonite) which is non-hydrated, non-emulsifiable, unexpanded, non-jelled, non-thixotropic but is sufficiently liquid to be applied to a wood, metal or concrete substrate by a caulking gun, trowel or spray method. It can be used over a wide range of temperatures and can be applied to damp surfaces.