Abstract: A carrier-rail bus assembly including a number of n mechanically contiguous bus-circuit-plate sections electrically connected via bus-circuit paths and installed in a carrier rail, an electronic control unit being configured such that it detects whether an apparatus is inserted in an installation position i, respective installation position i being allotted a bus address, which is assigned to the apparatus inserted on the carrier rail on the respective bus-circuit-plate section in respective installation position i. A related method for assigning a bus address is also disclosed.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement (20) having an active measuring voltage (UG) for determining an insulation resistance (RF) or a complex-valued insulation impedance (ZF) of an ungrounded power supply system (12) against ground potential (PE), the circuit arrangement (20) having a measuring path (24) which runs between an active conductor (L1, L2) of the power supply system (12) and the ground potential (PE) and includes a measuring-voltage generator (VG) for generating the measuring voltage (UG), a measuring resistance (RM) for capturing a measured voltage (UM) and a coupling resistance (RA), the circuit arrangement (20) having a signal evaluation circuit (26) which includes a signal input for evaluating the measured voltage (UM) and a ground connection (GND). The ground connection (GND) is connected to a ground potential (PE).

Abstract: A carrier-rail bus assembly including a number of n mechanically contiguous bus-circuit-plate sections electrically connected via bus-circuit paths and installed in a carrier rail, an electronic control unit being configured such that it detects whether an apparatus is inserted in an installation position i, respective installation position i being allotted a bus address, which is assigned to the apparatus inserted on the carrier rail on the respective bus-circuit-plate section in respective installation position i. A related method for assigning a bus address is also disclosed.

Abstract: A circuit arrangement (20) having an active measuring voltage (UG) for determining an insulation resistance (RF) or a complex-valued insulation impedance (ZF) of an ungrounded power supply system (12) against ground potential (PE), the circuit arrangement (20) having a measuring path (24) which runs between an active conductor (L1, L2) of the power supply system (12) and the ground potential (PE) and includes a measuring-voltage generator (VG) for generating the measuring voltage (UG), a measuring resistance (RM) for capturing a measured voltage (UM) and a coupling resistance (RA), the circuit arrangement (20) having a signal evaluation circuit (26) which includes a signal input for evaluating the measured voltage (UM) and a ground connection (GND). The ground connection (GND) is connected to a ground potential (PE).

Abstract: A pallet understructure, in particular for transport and storage containers for liquids, which are equipped with an inner container made of plastic, with a closable filling neck and a draining neck for connecting a tapping armature, wherein the understructure has an outer jacket made of a metal grid or sheet metal, and a bottom (13) for supporting the inner container, corner feet and central feet arranged between the corner feet, as well as a bottom cross member (16), wherein at least the outer jacket and the bottom cross member are attached to at least two central feet, wherein the respective central foot, the outer jacket and the bottom cross member are coupled in a form-fitting fashion with the aid of a screw (45), wherein there is a bracket (28), which reaches around the bottom cross member (16) and around a peripheral edge of the outer jacket, wherein the screw (45) penetrates legs (29, 30) of the bracket.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for detecting an interruption of an active conductor in an ungrounded direct-voltage power supply system. Five alternative methods are introduced, which are based on determining a current load current, a current total insulation resistance, a current displacement voltage, a current total capacitance or a current total impedance. Each of these methods minimizes the hazard related to accidental touching of two active conductors in an ungrounded direct-voltage power supply system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a measuring arrangement for identifying insulation faults and line defects occurring in a modularly set-up voltage source during the production process as soon as possible. Simultaneously to the assembly progress, electrical parameters, such as the leakage resistance and the leakage capacitance, are determined. Furthermore, it is ensured by means of monitoring a connection in the mostly automated production process that the measuring arrangement is properly connected to the voltage source.

Abstract: A device and method is for insulation monitoring in a power supply system composed of a main system including a neutral point that is high-resistance grounded via a neutral-point resistance and, optionally, of at least one subsystem, wherein the main system and the subsystem each have a differential current measuring device for registering a differential current. The invention is based on feeding a measuring signal into the optionally branched HRG system via an active measuring method and registering the fault current driven by the measuring signal in the outgoing power feeds to be monitored by means of a differential current measurement and using the registered fault current in an evaluating device to determine the total insulation resistance of the power supply system and to determine the partial insulation resistances of the main system and potentially present subsystems. Furthermore, the insulation monitoring device can be employed for insulation fault location.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for detecting an interruption of an active conductor in an ungrounded direct-voltage power supply system. Five alternative methods are introduced, which are based on determining a current load current, a current total insulation resistance, a current displacement voltage, a current total capacitance or a current total impedance. Each of these methods minimizes the hazard related to accidental touching of two active conductors in an ungrounded direct-voltage power supply system.

Abstract: A method for monitoring and measuring an insulation resistance in ungrounded and grounded power supply systems includes the method steps of generating a periodic measuring signal, coupling in the measuring signal between active conductors of the power supply system to be monitored and ground, and detecting and evaluating measured values of the measuring signal. In one embodiment of the invention, the generated measuring signal is formed as a multi-frequency signal by the superposition of a finite number of harmonic oscillations with at least three harmonics. Alternatively, the multi-frequency signal can also be realized by means of a targeted, portioned construction of the signal shape in the time domain on the basis of a binary sequence optimization or by generating the measuring signal by means of the time-division multiplexing method.

Abstract: A method and device for impressing a measuring-signal voltage (U) on a power supply network in which a generator signal (Usig) is alternately sampled by two sample-and-hold elements (20, S1, S3), the sampled values are alternately allocated to a first pulse sequence (P1) and a second pulse sequence (P2), the pulse sequences (P1, P2) are separately inductively transmitted and the secondary-side measuring-signal voltage (U) is formed by adding the induced partial voltages (U1, U2) together.

Abstract: A device and method is for insulation monitoring in a power supply system composed of a main system including a neutral point that is high-resistance grounded via a neutral-point resistance and, optionally, of at least one subsystem, wherein the main system and the subsystem each have a differential current measuring device for registering a differential current. The invention is based on feeding a measuring signal into the optionally branched HRG system via an active measuring method and registering the fault current driven by the measuring signal in the outgoing power feeds to be monitored by means of a differential current measurement and using the registered fault current in an evaluating device to determine the total insulation resistance of the power supply system and to determine the partial insulation resistances of the main system and potentially present subsystems. Furthermore, the insulation monitoring device can be employed for insulation fault location.

Abstract: A method for monitoring and measuring an insulation resistance in ungrounded and grounded power supply systems includes the method steps of generating a periodic measuring signal, coupling in the measuring signal between active conductors of the power supply system to be monitored and ground, and detecting and evaluating measured values of the measuring signal. In one embodiment of the invention, the generated measuring signal is formed as a multi-frequency signal by the superposition of a finite number of harmonic oscillations with at least three harmonics. Alternatively, the multi-frequency signal can also be realized by means of a targeted, portioned construction of the signal shape in the time domain on the basis of a binary sequence optimization or by generating the measuring signal by means of the time-division multiplexing method.

Abstract: A method and device for impressing a measuring-signal voltage (U) on a power supply network in which a generator signal (Usig) is alternately sampled by two sample-and-hold elements (20, S1, S3), the sampled values are alternately allocated to a first pulse sequence (P1) and a second pulse sequence (P2), the pulse sequences (P1, P2) are separately inductively transmitted and the secondary-side measuring-signal voltage (U) is formed by adding the induced partial voltages (U1, U2) together.