Abstract: A liquid crystal display comprises a first substrate having a pixel electrode, a second substrate adjacent to the first substrate and having a common electrode, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein a black voltage applied to the pixel electrode is in a range of from about 3V to about 4.4V and a perpendicular direction dielectric constant ?? of liquid crystals in the liquid crystal layer is greater than or equal to about 0.27 times of a horizontal direction dielectric constant ?? of the liquid crystals.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display, including a thin film transistor array panel, a common electrode panel including a common electrode and facing the thin film transistor array panel, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the thin film transistor array panel and the common electrode panel, wherein the thin film transistor array panel, includes a substrate, gate lines formed on the substrate, data lines intersecting, and insulated from, the gate lines, pixel electrodes formed in intersection areas of the gate and data lines, first thin film transistors electrically connected to the gate lines, the data lines, and the pixel electrodes, and buffer electrodes being supplied with a first voltage higher than a second voltage of the pixel electrodes when a corresponding pixel electrode is supplied with a data voltage and located at a boundary of the intersection areas in which they are formed and overlapping a portion of the gate line adjacent to the boundary.

Abstract: A color filter substrate includes a base substrate, a color filter layer and an electrophoretic layer. A partition wall section is formed on a first surface of the base substrate. The partition wall section divides the base substrate into a transparent area and a light-blocking area to define a pixel space in the transparent area. The color filter layer is formed in the transparent area. The electrophoretic layer is formed in the pixel space. The electrophoretic layer includes a capsule with a plurality of electrophoretic particles. Therefore, the partition wall section thereby forms the pixel space corresponding to a pixel part, and an electrophoretic layer is infiltrated into the pixel space, so that reflecting ratio and color reproducibility may be enhanced.

Abstract: A ferroelectric composite includes a core including a ferroelectric material and a skin layer including a carbon structure comprising carbon atoms.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first display panel including a pixel electrode, a second display panel spaced apart from and facing the first display panel, and a liquid crystal mixture disposed between the first and second display panels. The liquid crystal mixture contains liquid crystals represented by Formula (1): D-C-A-C?-D???(1).

Abstract: A color filter substrate includes a base substrate, a color filter layer and an electrophoretic layer. A partition wall section is formed on a first surface of the base substrate. The partition wall section divides the base substrate into a transparent area and a light-blocking area to define a pixel space in the transparent area. The color filter layer is formed in the transparent area. The electrophoretic layer is formed in the pixel space. The electrophoretic layer includes a capsule with a plurality of electrophoretic particles. Therefore, the partition wall section thereby forms the pixel space corresponding to a pixel part, and an electrophoretic layer is infiltrated into the pixel space, so that reflecting ratio and color reproducibility may be enhanced.

Abstract: A phase difference compensation layer is positioned between first and second protection films. Discotic liquid crystals of the phase difference compensation layer are tilted relative to a first protection film. The phase difference compensation film further includes an alignment layer formed on the first and the second protection films. The alignment layer substantially aligns the discotic liquid crystals in one direction. The first and the second protection films have a phase axis forming an angle of about 45° relative to an alignment direction of the discotic liquid crystals respectively. The display panel assembly includes a display panel, a lower phase difference compensation film and an upper phase difference compensation film. Therefore, the protection film protects and substantially aligns the discotic liquid crystals in uniform direction.

Abstract: A ferroelectric composite includes a core including a ferroelectric material and a skin layer including a carbon structure comprising carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electrophoretic display (“EPD”) device includes preparing a first substrate, forming a sealing line on the first substrate, primarily curing the sealing line, filling a capsule composition within an area of the first substrate, adhering an opposite substrate to the first substrate, and secondarily curing the sealing line.

Abstract: A thin film transistor array panel may comprise gate lines including gate electrodes and storage electrode lines including storage electrodes that are formed on the insulating substrate, a semiconductor layer formed on the gate insulating layer covering the gate lines, data lines and drain electrodes which are formed on the gate insulating layer, the drain lines including source electrodes formed at least on the semiconductor layer and intersecting the gate lines, and the drain electrodes being separated from the data lines and opposite to the data lines with respect to the gate electrodes and including a storage capacitor conductor overlapping the storage electrodes. Pixel electrodes and common electrodes may be formed on the passivation layer for covering the semiconductor layer. The pixel electrodes and the common electrodes may be neither perpendicular to nor parallel to the data lines and may be made of opaque conductive material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high-speed high-temperature nematic liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal display comprising the same, particularly to a high-speed high-temperature nematic liquid crystal composition which comprises a nematic liquid crystal compound having an isothionate group on the end aromatic ring and having one or more kinds of fluorine atoms, and thus satisfies a high response speed property and has a high phase transition temperature of liquid crystal, a low operating voltage, and a broad nematic phase temperature range, and a liquid crystal cell comprising the same, and a liquid crystal display using the same.

Abstract: A thin film transistor array panel is provided, which includes: a substrate; a plurality of first signal lines formed on the substrate; a plurality of second signal lines intersecting, and intersection from, the first signal lines; a plurality of pixel electrodes formed in insulated areas of the first and second signal lines; a plurality of first thin film transistors electrically connected to the first signal lines, the second signal lines, and the pixel electrodes; a plurality of buffer electrodes capacitively coupled to the pixel electrodes and located at a boundary of the intersection areas; and a plurality of second thin film transistors electrically connected to the buffer electrodes and the first signal lines, wherein the first signal lines are connected to the pixel electrodes of a previous row.

Abstract: A nematic liquid crystal composition includes a compound of formula (1) and a host mixture: wherein ‘R’ is chosen from CnH2n+1O, CnH2n+1, CnH2n+1S or CnH2n?1; ‘n’ is an integer of 1 to 15; ‘A’ is ‘a’ is 0 or 1; ‘B’ is —CH2CH2—, —C?C—, —C?C— or b’ is 0 or 1; ‘D’ is —CH2CH2—, —C?C— or —C?C—; ‘d’ is 0 or 1; ‘X’ is H, F, Cl, Br, NCS or CN; and ‘Y’ is from NCS, SCN or F. A liquid crystal display apparatus employing the nematic liquid crystal composition has a high response speed and a high phase transition temperature. In addition, the nematic liquid crystal composition has an augmented birefringence and a dielectric anisotropy. The liquid crystal display apparatus using the nematic liquid crystal composition may have an enhanced brightness.

Abstract: A thin film transistor array panel is provided, which includes: a substrate; a plurality of first signal lines formed on the substrate; a plurality of second signal lines intersecting, and insulated from, the first signal lines; a plurality of pixel electrodes formed in intersection areas of the first and second signal lines; a plurality of first thin film transistors electrically connected to the first signal lines, the second signal lines, and the pixel electrodes; a plurality of buffer electrodes capacitively coupled to the pixel electrodes and located at a boundary of the intersection areas; and a plurality of second thin film transistors electrically connected to the buffer electrodes and the first signal lines, wherein the first signal lines are connected to the pixel electrodes of a previous row.

Abstract: A nematic liquid crystal composition includes a compound of formula (1) and a host mixture: wherein ‘R’ is chosen from CnH2n+1O, CnH2n+1, CnH2n+1S or CnH2n?1; ‘n’ is an integer of 1 to 15; ‘A’ is ‘a’ is 0 or 1; ‘B’ is —CH2CH2—, —C?C—, —C?C— or b’ is 0 or 1; ‘D’ is —CH2CH2—, —C?C— or —C?C—; ‘d’ is 0 or 1; ‘X’ is H, F, Cl, Br, NCS or CN; and ‘Y’ is from NCS, SCN or F. A liquid crystal display apparatus employing the nematic liquid crystal composition has a high response speed and a high phase transition temperature. In addition, the nematic liquid crystal composition has an augmented birefringence and a dielectric anisotropy. The liquid crystal display apparatus using the nematic liquid crystal composition may have an enhanced brightness.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a nematic liquid crystal compound and a liquid crystal composition exhibiting a fast response time over a wide temperature range comprising the same, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal composition with fast response characteristics, and having a high phase transition temperature of liquid crystal, and having a low driving voltage and a nematic phase in a wide temperature range, comprising a nematic liquid crystal compound having an isothionate group and at least one fluorine atom in an aromatic ring of a terminal group.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display comprises a first substrate having a pixel electrode, a second substrate adjacent to the first substrate and having a common electrode, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, wherein a black voltage applied to the pixel electrode is in a range of from about 3V to about 4.4V and a perpendicular direction dielectric constant ?? of liquid crystals in the liquid crystal layer is greater than or equal to about 0.27 times of a horizontal direction dielectric constant ?? of the liquid crystals.

Abstract: A nematic liquid crystal composition includes a compound of formula (1) and a host mixture: wherein ‘R’ is chosen from CnH2n+1O, CnH2n+1, CnH2n+1S or CnH2n?1; ‘n’ is an integer of 1 to 15; ‘A’ is ‘a’ is 0 or 1; ‘B’ is —CH2CH2—, —C?C—, —C?C— or ‘b’ is 0 or 1; ‘D’ is —CH2CH2—, —C?C— or —C?C—; ‘d’ is 0 or 1; ‘X’ is H, F, Cl, Br, NCS or CN; and ‘Y’ is from NCS, SCN or F. A liquid crystal display apparatus employing the nematic liquid crystal composition has a high response speed and a high phase transition temperature. In addition, the nematic liquid crystal composition has an augmented birefringence and a dielectric anisotropy. The liquid crystal display apparatus using the nematic liquid crystal composition may have an enhanced brightness.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a high-speed high-temperature nematic liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal display comprising the same, particularly to a high-speed high-temperature nematic liquid crystal composition which comprises a nematic liquid crystal compound having an isothionate group on the end aromatic ring and having one or more kinds of fluorine atoms, and thus satisfies a high response speed property and has a high phase transition temperature of liquid crystal, a low operating voltage, and a broad nematic phase temperature range, and a liquid crystal cell comprising the same, and a liquid crystal display using the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal composition having a high-speed response property and a liquid crystal display using the same, more particularly to a liquid crystal composition, wherein the liquid crystal has a high phase transition temperature, large birefringence index and modulus of elasticity, and a wide operable nematic temperature range, so that a high-speed response can be obtained to be useful for many liquid crystal devices including LCDs, and a liquid crystal display using the same.