Abstract: Provided is an organic light-emitting display apparatus with improved contrast. The organic light-emitting display apparatus includes: a substrate; an organic light-emitting device on the substrate, the organic light-emitting device including a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic light-emitting layer between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a pixel define layer on the first electrode, the pixel define layer including an opening through which the first electrode is exposed and having a black color, wherein the organic light-emitting layer and the second electrode are sequentially disposed on a portion of the first electrode exposed through the opening, and the second electrode includes indium oxide doped with a metal or metal oxide.

Abstract: An organic light emitting device including an anode having a high light transmissivity and a controllable work function, and allowing for a high degree of freedom for selection of a cathode, and a method of manufacturing the same. The anode of the organic light emitting device includes a first layer. The first layer includes a first metal oxide, and a second metal oxide differing from the first metal oxide and doped into the first metal oxide. The cathode faces the anode, and an organic layer including an emission layer between the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: Provided is a method of manufacturing an organic light-emitting device, the method including: forming an anode; forming an intermediate layer including an emission layer on the anode; and forming a cathode on the intermediate layer, wherein the forming the cathode includes: thermally depositing indium oxide with plasma generated in a chamber; and surface-treating with plasma an indium oxide layer formed by the thermal depositing of the indium oxide.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an organic light-emitting device, the method including: forming an anode; forming an intermediate layer comprising an emission layer on the anode; and forming a cathode on the intermediate layer, wherein the forming of the cathode comprises thermally depositing indium or indium oxide, with at least one of a metal or a metal oxide in plasma generated in a chamber to form a transparent conductive layer of indium oxide doped with the at least one of the metal or the metal oxide.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device including a transparent conducting oxide layer as a cathode and a method of manufacturing the organic light-emitting device. The organic light-emitting device includes an anode disposed on a substrate. An organic functional layer including at least an organic light-emitting layer is disposed on the anode. The transparent conducting oxide layer used as the cathode is disposed on the organic functional layer. The transparent conducting oxide layer cathode is formed by plasma-assisted thermal evaporation. A microcavity structure is not formed in the organic light-emitting device, thereby avoiding a luminance change and a color shift as a function of viewing angle.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display device including: a substrate; a sealing member; an organic light emitting device between the substrate and the sealing member and for displaying images; a selective light absorbing layer on a surface of the sealing member facing the organic light emitting device and including pigments for selectively absorbing light; and a black matrix layer on the selective light absorbing layer corresponding to non-emission areas of the organic light emitting device.

Abstract: A wideband retardation layer (or film) that can perform circular polarizing so that the retardation layer can be formed with an organic light-emitting device to be relatively thin and have a relatively high contrast with no reduction in brightness, and an organic light-emitting device including the retardation layer. The retardation film includes a base and a retardation layer including an alkali oxide layer grown to be inclined on a surface of the base, wherein the alkali oxide layer is disposed by slant-angle depositing alkali oxide on the surface of the base.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display apparatus that has high (or improved) contrast and/or impact resistance. The organic light emitting display apparatus includes: a substrate; an organic light emitting device on the substrate to display an image; a sealing member on the organic light emitting device; a semitransparent film on a surface of the sealing member facing away from the organic light emitting device to transmit a portion of external light and to reflect another portion of the external light; a passivation film on the semitransparent film to protect the semitransparent film; and a transmissive black layer between the sealing member and the organic light emitting device to increase contrast, wherein the semitransparent film has a refractive index greater than that of the passivation film.

Abstract: A polarizer adapted to improve contrast and visibility of a display device, a method of manufacturing the polarizer, and a flat panel display device including the polarizer. In one embodiment, the polarizer includes a base and a plurality of grids disposed in a stripe pattern on the base. Here, the grids are separated from each other and formed of metal-containing graphite.

Abstract: A flat panel display apparatus that can reduce or prevent reflection of external light by the flat panel display apparatus. The flat panel display apparatus includes a substrate, a porous layer disposed on the substrate, and a plurality of display devices disposed on the substrate. Here, the porous layer is adapted to diffusedly reflect external light and/or to increase viewing angle of the flat panel display apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic light emitting device which includes a substrate; a encapsulation substrate, an organic light emitting unit interposed between the substrate and the encapsulation substrate. A water vapor absorption material-containing transparent sealant layer covers the organic light emitting unit. The sealant layer includes a transparent sealant having a water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) of about 20 g/m2·day or less and a water vapor absorption material having an average particle size of about 100 nm or less.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device including a first substrate with an array of organic light-emitting pixels formed thereon, and a second substrate is disclosed. A transparent moisture absorption layer is disposed between the first and second substrates. The transparent moisture absorption layer efficiently absorbs moisture and/or oxygen, and thus the lifetime characteristics of the organic light-emitting device are improved. The transparent moisture absorption layer has a transmittance of about 85% or higher with respect to visible light. The layer has a thickness of about 10 to about 60,000 nm and a refractive index of about 1.45 to about 1.65 in an inert and/air atmosphere. The layer is formed on the second substrate by using chemical vapor deposition or physical vapor deposition.

Abstract: Provided are an organic light emitting display device including a transparent moisture absorption layer formed of at least one of a metal oxide and metal salt having an average particle diameter of 100 nm or less, a binder, and a selective light absorber absorbing light of a wavelength of a specific range, and a method of manufacturing the same. The transparent absorbing layer further contains a dispersant. The organic light emitting display device including the transparent moisture absorption layer has an excellent moisture absorption capability compared to a conventional organic light emitting display device including a getter, and is transparent. Therefore, the organic light emitting display device has desired lifetime characteristics and improved color purity and contrast characteristics.