Abstract: An apparatus and method for storing an audit trail in response to execution of a virtual-machine process. The method for storing an audit trail, performed by the apparatus for storing an audit trail in response to execution of a virtual-machine process, includes detecting execution of a process inside a virtual machine, determining whether the executed process is a monitoring target process and determining a type of the process, activating one or more monitoring events for monitoring at least one of an upload, a download and a drop by the process based on a result of the determination, and storing information about occurrence of the activated monitoring event as an audit trail.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for collecting an audit trail in a virtual machine boot process, the audit-trail-collecting apparatus including an event detection unit for detecting a software interrupt event, a register state information extraction unit for extracting state information of a CPU register corresponding to a detection time of the software interrupt event, a monitoring unit for monitoring a change in a vector value corresponding to the software interrupt event in an interrupt vector table, a threat occurrence detection unit for detecting a threat occurrence in a virtual machine boot process based on at least one of the CPU register state information and a monitored result, and an audit trail collection unit for storing an audit trail corresponding to at least one of the CPU register state information and the monitored result when the threat occurrence is detected in the virtual machine boot process.

Abstract: A hypervisor-based virtual machine isolation apparatus and method. The hypervisor-based virtual machine isolation method performed by the hypervisor-based virtual machine isolation apparatus includes when a hypervisor starts to run virtual machines, allocating one or more colors to each of the virtual machines, allocating a page frame corresponding to the allocated colors to the corresponding virtual machine, allocating an accessible core depending on the colors of the virtual machine, and performing isolation between virtual machines corresponding to an identical color by changing a temporal/spatial scheduling order between the virtual machines corresponding to the identical color.

Abstract: A software update apparatus and method in a virtualized environment. The software update method performed by a software update apparatus in a virtualized environment includes monitoring an operation that is invoked when software is updated in a guest operating system area, creating a software profile by analyzing results of the monitoring, mounting a virtual disk image for a target virtual machine in a target directory in a virtual machine monitor area, and incorporating update information of at least one of a file and a registry that are specified in the software profile into the target directory in which the virtual disk image is mounted.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for booting a virtual machine. The apparatus for booting a virtual machine includes: an access unit for accessing a virtual disk, corresponding to a virtual machine that exists in a virtualization area, using a trap generated by a trap generation unit, and for controlling the input and output of data stored in the virtual disk; an extraction unit for extracting data used for booting from the virtual disk; and a verification unit for extracting a trusted boot image from image storage and verifying the integrity of the data used for booting based on a result of comparing the trusted boot image with the data used for booting.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for authorizing online financial transactions are provided. The apparatus for authorizing online financial transactions includes: randomly selecting, using an apparatus for authorizing online financial transactions, a portion of main transaction information corresponding to a user and combining the selected information to create authorization information; converting the authorization information into a form displayed to the user through a specific process; providing the main transaction information and the converted authorization information to the user; receiving user select information, which is recognized by the user and is part of the main transaction information, and the converted authorization information provided to the user; and comparing the user select information with the authorization information and determining whether the user recognizes the authorization information based on the comparison results.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for preventing falsification of a client screen is provided, in which a web server dynamically generates URIs and provides them to clients, thus preventing the falsification of client screens due to a web injection attack or a memory hacking attack. The apparatus includes a random web generation unit for converting an identical web page into random URIs that are randomly generated, at a request of a plurality of clients, generating different random web sources, and providing the different random web sources to the respective clients. A web falsification determination unit compares display web source eigenvalues respectively generated by the clients with respect to any one of the random web sources with a generative web source eigenvalue for the one of the random web sources, thus determining whether screens corresponding to the random web sources displayed on the respective clients have been falsified.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for authorizing online financial transactions are provided. The apparatus for authorizing online financial transactions includes: randomly selecting, using an apparatus for authorizing online financial transactions, a portion of main transaction information corresponding to a user and combining the selected information to create authorization information; converting the authorization information into a form displayed to the user through a specific process; providing the main transaction information and the converted authorization information to the user; receiving user select information, which is recognized by the user and is part of the main transaction information, and the converted authorization information provided to the user; and comparing the user select information with the authorization information and determining whether the user recognizes the authorization information based on the comparison results.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for preventing falsification of a client screen is provided, in which a web server dynamically generates URIs and provides them to clients, thus preventing the falsification of client screens due to a web injection attack or a memory hacking attack. The apparatus includes a random web generation unit for converting an identical web page into random URIs that are randomly generated, at a request of a plurality of clients, generating different random web sources, and providing the different random web sources to the respective clients. A web falsification determination unit compares display web source eigenvalues respectively generated by the clients with respect to any one of the random web sources with a generative web source eigenvalue for the one of the random web sources, thus determining whether screens corresponding to the random web sources displayed on the respective clients have been falsified.

Abstract: A polynucleotide or nucleic acid fragment comprising a new single nucleotide polymorphism of a human HNF-1&agr; gene. The polynucleotide or nucleic acid fragment includes a polymorphic site having adenine (A) at position 1699 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or having thymine (T) at position 29 of SEQ ID NO: 3, and more than 10 contiguous nucleotides set forth in SEQ ID NO: 1 or 3.

Abstract: A waste stream from energetics processing is treated using a pre-filter having media, preferably sand, and a metal that has a reducing potential, preferably elemental iron (Fe0). The pre-filter is connected to a zero-valent metal column reactor. The waste stream is pumped through the pre-filter to trap solids and deoxygenate it, then enters the reactor and is subjected to a reducing process. Most of the Fe0 is transformed to the ferrous ion (Fe+2), added to the resultant product, and fed to a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) in which Fenton oxidation occurs. This product is then sent to a sedimentation tank and pH-neutralized using a strong base such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The aqueous portion is drawn off and the sludge pumped from the sedimentation tank. Both tanks are monitored and controlled to optimize required additives, while monitoring of pressure drop across the pre-filter and column reactor establishes replacement requirements.

Abstract: A biofilter reactor includes a housing, an axial pipe rotatably supported in the housing and including a plurality of perforations that open into the interior of the housing for collecting a treated fluid. The axial pipe includes an outlet in communication with the interior thereof for removing the treated fluid from the housing. A porous medium is disposed about the axial pipe and is rotatable therewith. The porous medium is made of a microbial foam.

Abstract: An air emissions treatment system is characterized by a moving biomass filter element which alternately passes through the air being treated and a nutrient laden liquid to remove pollutants from the air. The filter element is in the form of one or more endless loops which are conveyed within an enclosed housing. As a section of the filter element passes through the air, it withdraws pollutants therefrom. When the filter passes through the liquid, it receives moisture and nutrients and releases the pollutants into the liquid.