Abstract: A method for managing copy protection information of a recording medium is disclosed. Copy protection information for decrypting A/V data encrypted and recorded in a data area of an optical disc is recorded in a key locker of the disc. Information of makers that have manufactured optical disc drives, drive maker keys of each maker and flags indicating whether drive keys are valid or not is included in association with each other in the key locker. To reproduce the A/V data, the copy protection information is read and decrypted by comparing a drive key managed in the optical disc drive with the key renewal information recorded in the optical disc. Accordingly, illegally duplicated optical disc drives can no longer perform a normal playback operation, thereby effectively suppressing illegal duplication of optical disc drives, which also prevents optical disc drives of all makers from being duplicated at once.

Abstract: A method for managing copy protection information of a recording medium is disclosed. A data stream encrypted using copy protection information is recorded in a data area of an optical disc such as a write once optical disc or a rewritable optical disc, while the copy protection information and a drive ID are recorded together in a key locker of the optical disc. When a data stream of an optical disc is reproduced, reading and decryption of the copy protection information is selectively performed depending on whether the drive ID recorded in the key locker and a drive ID managed in an optical disc drive, into which the optical disc is inserted, are identical. This prevents contents such as broadcast programs recorded in an optical disc from being illegally duplicated.

Abstract: A recording medium, method and apparatus for managing data are discussed. According to an embodiment, the present invention provides a method of reproducing main data and additional data. The method includes receiving the additional data associated with the main data, the additional data being divided into a plurality of segment units; and reproducing the additional data in a synchronous manner with the main data using time information if indication information indicates a presence of the time information. The time information indicates a presentation time of the additional data with respect to the main data. The main data and the additional data are reproduced according to management data, the management data including link information for linking the main data and the additional data.

Abstract: A recording medium, method and apparatus for managing data are discussed. According to an embodiment, the present invention provides a method of reproducing main data and additional data. The method includes receiving the additional data associated with the main data, the additional data being divided into a plurality of segment units; and reproducing the additional data in a synchronous manner with the main data using time information if indication information indicates a presence of the time information. The time information indicates a presentation time of the additional data with respect to the main data. The main data and the additional data are reproduced according to management data, the management data including link information for linking the main data and the additional data.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reproducing data from a recording medium using a local storage is disclosed. The method for reproducing data of a recording medium using a local storage includes the steps of: a) reading a—binding unit contained in a directory associated with a recording medium from a file structure contained in the local storage/b) performing a binding operation for combining the read binding unit with the file structure contained in the recording medium, and forming a virtual package; and c) reproducing data stored in the recording medium and/or data stored in the local storage using the formed virtual package. Therefore, original data stored in the recording medium and additional data stored in the local storage can be effectively reproduced, resulting in greater convenience of use.

Abstract: A washing machine includes a water-storing tub for storing washing water, a heater having a heat-generating unit disposed in the water-storing tub and a terminal unit formed on first and second ends of the heat-generating unit, a heater cover covering the heater, a clamp fastening the heat-generating unit, a thermostat associated with the clamp to detect a temperature of the heater, and a water infiltration protecting cover for protecting the terminal unit.

Abstract: Disclosed are a white light-emitting diode (LED) in which an emission layer comprising a red luminous body and a green luminous body is formed on a blue LED, and a preparation method thereof. The emission layer comprises both of at least one inorganic phosphor and at least one semiconductor nanocrystal. The white LED prepared according to the present invention has excellent color purity, high luminous efficiency and improved light stability so that it can be advantageously used as a light source for various display devices.

Abstract: In accordance with one or more embodiments, a method and system of managing animation data and related control data for recording on an enhanced navigation medium is provided. The method comprises constructing animation data comprising first image data into a first graphic MNG file in chunk data format, wherein the first graphic file comprises a first header portion, a second end portion, first control data and a frame containing additional data; and recording the first graphic file on an enhanced navigation medium.

Abstract: In accordance with one or more embodiments, a method of managing animation data and related control data for recording on an enhanced navigation medium is provided. The method comprises constructing animation data comprising first image data into a first graphic MNG file in chunk data format, wherein the first graphic file comprises a first header portion, a second end portion, first control data and a frame containing additional data; and recording the first graphic file on an enhanced navigation medium.

Abstract: A recording medium includes a data area storing at least one text subtitle stream, each text subtitle stream including a style segment defining a group of region styles and a plurality of presentation segments, at least one of the plurality of presentation segments containing first and second regions of text which are linked to first and second region styles selected from the group of region styles, respectively, wherein the first and second region styles define a same text flow.

Abstract: A method of reproducing text subtitle streams, the method includes receiving at least one text subtitle stream from an external source, each text subtitle stream including a style segment defining a group of region styles and presentation segment, each presentation segment containing at least one region of text linked to a selected one of the group of region styles, wherein a current presentation segment contains a continuous presentation flag to indicate whether the continuous presentation is required between current presentation and previous presentation; and decoding the text subtitle stream using the presentation segment defining the continuous presentation flag.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention relates to an apparatus and method for recording/reproducing at least one text subtitle stream. The method includes receiving at least one text subtitle stream from an external source, each text subtitle stream including a style segment defining at least one region style and at least one presentation segment, each presentation segment containing at least one region of text and being linked to at least one region style, wherein the style segment including a player style flag which indicates whether a player is permitted to generate its own player style. Thereafter, the method calls for decoding the text subtitle stream using the style segment defining at least one region style and a player style flag.

Abstract: A copy protection method and a copy protection system are disclosed. The system includes a private key verifier receiving a media certificate that includes a private key identification of a compliant playing device and searching for an actual private key corresponding to the private key identification, an intermediate key decryptor receiving an encrypted intermediate key and decrypting the intermediate key with the actual private key, a media key decryptor obtaining an original media key by decrypting the decrypted intermediate key with a media identification; and a media data decryptor receiving an encrypted media data set and decrypting the media data set with the original media key. The method and system of the present invention are applicable to all types of digital media data, and it makes no assumption of any specific media properties.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electroluminescence display device having an anode electrode with a transparent electrode pattern on a substrate and an organic light-emitting layer on the anode electrode, and a barcode making method and apparatus for the electroluminescence display device. A cathode electrode is formed on the organic light-emitting layer of the electroluminescence device. A packaging plate, which may be glass, plastic, or a canister, is formed to protect the organic light-emitting layer. The packaging plate may include a first horizontal surface on which a sealant is applied, a second horizontal surface having a designated step height from the first horizontal surface, and a third horizontal surface having a designated step height from the second horizontal surface.

Abstract: Photography is employed to objectively quantify opacity of fluids such as smoke plumes and dust via a method termed the Digital Optical Method (DOM™). The DOM™ quantifies the ratio of radiance values by means of a camera response curve obtained using objective measures. The radiance ratios are then used to calculate opacity of target fluids such as smoke plumes. The DOM™ quantifies opacity during both daytime and nighttime conditions with a much broader range of subject types, e.g., white, gray and black smoke plumes, and environmental conditions, e.g., non-blue-sky, building, and mountain backgrounds, than existing systems while not requiring human interpretation for any application. In one embodiment, the DOM™ quantifies opacity from digital photos using a pre-designed algorithm and an inexpensive digital camera. Very little training is needed to implement the DOM™ and it yields consistent objective quantitative results, while providing a permanent photographic record easily digitally archived.

Abstract: An air conditioning system, comprising: a channel to carry a flow of refrigerant, and a first noise reducer to change at least one property of the refrigerant as the refrigerant flows through the channel.

Abstract: The data structure includes a navigation area of a computer readable medium storing navigation data associated with a data stream representing a portion of at least one reproduction path. The navigation data includes indication information, and the indication information indicates whether the data stream represents multiple reproduction paths or the data stream represents a single reproduction path. If the indication information indicates the data stream represents multiple reproduction paths, the navigation data includes path number information and an indicator associated with each reproduction path. The path number information identifies a number of the multiple reproduction paths, and each indicator indicates a file associated with the associated one of the multiple reproduction paths.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for reproducing data is disclosed. The method and apparatus configures a composite file structure to simultaneously reproduce data recorded in a recording medium and other data recorded in a local storage, and reproduces data using the configured composite file structure. A variety of methods for configuring the composite file structure are described in preferred embodiments, such that a method for effectively configuring the composite file structure regardless of a current condition state is given. Therefore, data recorded in the recording medium and other data stored in the local storage can be effectively used.

Abstract: Provided is a low-complexity and low-power-consumption turbo decoder with a variable scaling factor. The performance of the turbo decoder is enhanced by evaluating a decoding convergence degree of the turbo decoder using a sign difference ratio (SDR) value, limiting the iterative-decoding number, and calculating and applying a variable scaling factor producing optimal performance in each decoding convergence area based on the SDR value, and power consumption is reduced by reducing the average number of decoding iterations. Thus, the performance degradation when the encoded block is large, which is a shortcoming of a conventional EMLMAP algorithm, can be prevented, the average number of decoding iterations can be reduced, and accordingly power consumption can be reduced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of conducting management operations such as deletion, copy, and movement of recorded still pictures recorded on a recording medium. The present method records still pictures onto a recording medium, groups the recorded still pictures based on their attributes, creates a list listing filenames of respective still pictures belonging to each still-picture group, and writes the filename list onto the recording medium. Afterwards, if a deleting or an inter-group moving command is received for a still picture recorded on the recording medium, the present method deletes a filename of the still picture written on the filename list including the filename of the still picture. Such a still picture managing method through a filename list ensures that moving, copying, and deleting operations of numerous recorded still pictures can be conducted easily.