Abstract: Provided is an all-season tire tread rubber composition in which braking performance and wear performance are secured at the same time. A rubber composition for tire tread according to the present disclosure comprises: 100 parts by weight of raw rubber comprising solution polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber which has a styrene content of 20 to 30 wt % and a vinyl content within butadiene of 20 to 30 wt %, and is manufactured by a continuous method; 90 to 110 parts by weight of silica; and 20 to 40 parts by weight of modified liquid butadiene rubber.

Abstract: Provided is an all-season tire tread rubber composition in which braking performance and wear performance are secured at the same time. A rubber composition for tire tread according to the present disclosure comprises: 100 parts by weight of raw rubber comprising solution polymerized styrene-butadiene rubber which has a styrene content of 20 to 30 wt % and a vinyl content within butadiene of 20 to 30 wt %, and is manufactured by a continuous method; 90 to 110 parts by weight of silica; and 20 to 40 parts by weight of modified liquid butadiene rubber.

Abstract: A check node update processor of the low density parity check (LDPC) code decoder includes: an approximate first minimum (AFM) condition check unit which checks whether a predetermined specific condition is satisfied, and a check node determining unit which sets an approximate minimum value as a size of an entire check node output when it is determined that the specific condition is satisfied as a checking result in the AFM condition check unit and calculates a first minimum value as a true minimum value and sets a second minimum value as an approximate minimum value when it is determined that the specific condition is not satisfied to determine a size of the check node output.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a low-complexity syndrome based decoding apparatus and method and a low-complexity syndrome based decoding apparatus includes: a hard decision unit which performs hard decision on a current input value to output a hard decision vector; a syndrome calculator which performs a syndrome operation on the hard decision vector and determines an error type of the hard decision vector based on the syndrome operation result; and a decoder which selects a predetermined decoding algorithm in accordance with the error type to perform the decoding, and the error type includes at least one of no error, a single error, and a double error.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an LDPC code decoder and a decoding method. A check node update processor of the LDPC code decoder includes: an AFM condition check unit which checks whether a predetermined specific condition is satisfied, and a check node determining unit which sets an approximate minimum value as a size of an entire check node output when it is determined that the specific condition is satisfied as a checking result in the AFM condition check unit and calculates a first minimum value as a true minimum value and sets a second minimum value as an approximate minimum value when it is determined that the specific condition is not satisfied to determine a size of the check node output. According to the present disclosure, a consumed hardware resource amount may be reduced by an algorithm using an approximate minimum value in a specific condition.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a low-complexity syndrome based decoding apparatus and method and a low-complexity syndrome based decoding apparatus includes: a hard decision unit which performs hard decision on a current input value to output a hard decision vector; a syndrome calculator which performs a syndrome operation on the hard decision vector and determines an error type of the hard decision vector based on the syndrome operation result; and a decoder which selects a predetermined decoding algorithm in accordance with the error type to perform the decoding, and the error type includes at least one of no error, a single error, and a double error.

Abstract: A hybrid type iterative decoding method for a three-dimensional turbo product code (TPC) having a first axis (FA), a second axis (SA), and a third axis (TA) including: a parallel decoding step of applying a predetermined decoding algorithm (PDA) in parallel to current FA and SA input values (IVs) which are determined based on at least two previous decoding values (DVs), respectively, among the previous FA, SA and TA DVs which are generated in advance to generate a current FA DV and a current SA DV, respectively; a serial decoding step of applying PDA to a current TA IV determined based on the current FA and SA DVs to generate a current TA DV; and performing hard decision based on the current FAs DV, the current SA DV, the current TA DV, and the received signal value.

Abstract: Disclosed is a three-dimensional TPC decoding apparatus. A three-dimensional TPC decoding apparatus includes an X decoder which decodes an X axis of an m-th upper half layer based on decoding results of a Y axis and a Z axis of an m?1-th upper half layer; a Y decoder which decodes a Y axis of an m-th lower half layer based on decoding results of an X axis and a Z axis of an m?1-th lower half layer; and a Z decoder which decodes a Z axis based on a decoding result of the Y axis of an m-th upper half layer and a decoding result of the X axis of an m-th lower half layer.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery includes an electrode assembly including a first electrode, a separator, and a second electrode, a case for accommodating the electrode assembly, and defining an opening at a side of the case for receiving the electrode assembly, a cap assembly mounted to the case at the opening of the case, and including a first electrode terminal and a second electrode terminal respectively electrically connected to the first electrode and the second electrode, and a protective member for covering the case and the cap assembly, and including a first bonding portion corresponding to a bottom surface of the case, a plurality of second bonding portions respectively corresponding to first lateral walls of the case, and a plurality of finish portions respectively overlapping opposite ends of the second bonding portions.

Abstract: A hybrid type iterative decoding method for a three-dimensional turbo product code (TPC) having a first axis (FA), a second axis (SA), and a third axis (TA) including: a parallel decoding step of applying a predetermined decoding algorithm (PDA) in parallel to current FA and SA input values (IVs) which are determined based on at least two previous decoding values (DVs), respectively, among the previous FA, SA and TA DVs which are generated in advance to generate a current FA DV and a current SA DV, respectively; a serial decoding step of applying PDA to a current TA IV determined based on the current FA and SA DVs to generate a current TA DV; and performing hard decision based on the current FAs DV, the current SA DV, the current TA DV, and the received signal value.

Abstract: Disclosed is a three-dimensional TPC decoding apparatus. A three-dimensional TPC decoding apparatus includes an X decoder which decodes an X axis of an m-th upper half layer based on decoding results of a Y axis and a Z axis of an m?1-th upper half layer; a Y decoder which decodes a Y axis of an m-th lower half layer based on decoding results of an X axis and a Z axis of an m?1-th lower half layer; and a Z decoder which decodes a Z axis based on a decoding result of the Y axis of an m-th upper half layer and a decoding result of the X axis of an m-th lower half layer.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery includes: an electrode assembly including a first electrode, a separator, and a second electrode; a case accommodating the electrode assembly and having an opening at a side thereof for receiving the electrode assembly; a cap assembly coupled to the case at the opening; a first insulation member surrounding the case, an extending portion of the first insulation member extending above the cap assembly; and a second insulation member on the cap assembly and contacting the portion of the first insulation member extending above the cap assembly, the second insulation member being a coated layer.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery includes: an electrode assembly including a first electrode, a separator, and a second electrode; a case accommodating the electrode assembly and having an opening at a side thereof for receiving the electrode assembly; a cap assembly coupled to the case at the opening; a first insulation member surrounding the case, an extending portion of the first insulation member extending above the cap assembly; and a second insulation member on the cap assembly and contacting the portion of the first insulation member extending above the cap assembly, the second insulation member being a coated layer.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery includes an electrode assembly including a first electrode, a separator, and a second electrode, a case for accommodating the electrode assembly, and defining an opening at a side of the case for receiving the electrode assembly, a cap assembly mounted to the case at the opening of the case, and including a first electrode terminal and a second electrode terminal respectively electrically connected to the first electrode and the second electrode, and a protective member for covering the case and the cap assembly, and including a first bonding portion corresponding to a bottom surface of the case, a plurality of second bonding portions respectively corresponding to first lateral walls of the case, and a plurality of finish portions respectively overlapping opposite ends of the second bonding portions.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery includes an electrode assembly including first electrodes and second electrodes, a casing including a space in which the electrode assembly is embedded, a cap plate combined with the casing, and a first thin film insulating member fused with the casing and surrounding the casing.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery including an electrode assembly; a case containing the electrode assembly; a cap plate covering an opening of the case; and an external insulating member on an outer surface of the case, the external insulating member including an insulating cover on the cap plate, and an insulating tape coupled to the insulating cover on the case.

Abstract: A secondary battery having a current interrupt device (CID) between a negative current collecting plate and a case of the secondary battery. The secondary battery includes: an electrode assembly including a positive electrode, a separator, and a negative electrode; a case housing the electrode assembly; a cap assembly coupled to the case for sealing the case; a positive current collecting plate connected to the positive electrode and the cap assembly; an insulator in the case adjacent an end plate of the case; and a negative current collecting plate connected to the negative electrode and the end plate of the case, the end plate being curved convexly toward an inner cavity of the case.

Abstract: A rechargeable battery including an electrode assembly, the electrode assembly including an anode, a cathode, and a separator therebetween; a case accommodating the electrode assembly, the case having an opening; a cap plate coupled to the opening of the case, the cap plate having a discharge hole; and a vent plate coupled to the discharge hole, wherein the vent plate includes a main notch part corresponding to the discharge hole, and a sub-notch part separated from the main notch part.

Abstract: A battery module according to the present invention includes rechargeable batteries that include a first terminal and a second terminal which protrude outward, the first terminal including differentiation portions formed of an indentation or a protruding portion to differentiate the first terminal from the second terminal; and connection members that electrically connect the rechargeable batteries, fixed to the first and second terminals of adjacent rechargeable batteries, including verification portions which fit the differentiation portions so as to improve assemblability and minimize contact resistance.

Abstract: Provided is an EA-CWS quantum error correction code for correcting an error on imperfect entangled qubits, and a method for correcting an error using entangled qubits snared between a sender and a receiver includes, after an encoding process to send the entangled qubits, performing an operation of a Pauli error on different stabilizer generators of an EA-CWS code, converting an error occurring on the sender or the receiver to en error correction code in a correctable error form as a result of the operation, and correcting the error on entangled qubits occurring at the side of the sender or the receiver by generating a word operator of a CWS code using the converted error correction code.