Abstract: A fingerprint ridge digital enhancement apparatus includes: a fingerprint image obtainer configured to obtain a fingerprint image; a pixel value extractor configured to divide an area with ridges and an area without ridges in the fingerprint image, and to extract a pixel value according to a color model for each area; an outlier detector configured to detect an outlier of the pixel value according to the color model for each area; a correction operator configured to calculate the average and standard deviation of pixel values according to the color model for each area from which the outlier is removed; a parameter operator configured to set a parameter that is a criterion for dividing each area, and to operate a reference value of the parameter; and a matrix operator configured to generate and operate a matrix including the pixel value according to the color model of the fingerprint image and the reference value of the parameter.

Abstract: A method of enhancing a footwear impression formed on a porous surface using a potassium ferrocyanide solution for footwear impression enhancement includes: forming a porous surface sample by leaving footwear impressions into an object having a porous surface; preparing a potassium ferrocyanide solution for footwear impression enhancement; and applying the potassium ferrocyanide solution for footwear impression enhancement to the porous surface sample.

Abstract: A method of comparing and determining three-dimensional (3D) identity of a tool mark includes: obtaining a 3D image of a suspect tool and a tool mark; extracting a contact portion of the suspect tool contributed to formation of the tool mark from the 3D image of the suspect tool; determining a matching area by comparing a shape of the contact portion 12 of the suspect tool 10 with a shape of the tool mark 20; and calculating a matching rate between the contact portion of the suspect tool and the tool mark.

Abstract: A method of enhancing a footwear impression formed on a porous surface using a potassium ferrocyanide solution for footwear impression enhancement includes: forming a porous surface sample by leaving footwear impressions into an object having a porous surface; preparing a potassium ferrocyanide solution for footwear impression enhancement; and applying the potassium ferrocyanide solution for footwear impression enhancement to the porous surface sample.

Abstract: A cessation cast-off bloodstain pattern generator includes: a body unit including an impact surface that a tool may hit; a shaft unit located to rotate about an arbitrary axis by having one end mounted on the body unit and the other end equipped with the tool; and an impact force measuring unit that is located on the impact surface, and measures an impact force when a tool applied with blood to an experimental site rotates and collides with the impact surface and the blood falls off.

Abstract: A projected bloodstain generator includes: a blood supply capable of supplying blood by applying pressure; a blood vessel nozzle connector that is connected to the blood supply to transfer the blood and change a position for controlling the direction of blood ejection; and a blood vessel nozzle having one end connected to the blood vessel nozzle connector and the other end configured to eject blood by applied pressure.

Abstract: An expectorated blood spatter generator includes: a compressed air ejection unit configured to eject compressed air through an air nozzle; and a blood ejection unit having one end connected to the air nozzle and ejecting blood through a blood nozzle by pressure of compressed air being ejected.

Abstract: A footprint generator capable of applying a constant force includes: a base plate in which a target surface may be on an upper surface of the base plate; a shoe mounting member that is apart from the upper surface of the base plate and capable of mounting a shoe; a driving unit that is apart from the upper surface of the base plate and capable of moving the shoe mounting member up and down; and a force measuring unit configured to measure an impact force when the shoe mounting member descends and contacts the shoe with the target surface to generate a footprint on the target surface.

Abstract: A developed fingerprint level determination apparatus includes: a fingerprint image acquisition unit configured to obtain at least two or more developed fingerprint images according to a fingerprint development technique; and a ridge level determination unit configured to check respective ridge development level information of the obtained fingerprint images and compare the respective ridge development level information with each other.

Abstract: A developed impact mark analysis apparatus includes: an image acquisition unit configured to obtain at least one first image by photographing impact marks that are developed, and to obtain a second image of impact marks at a crime scene that are developed from evidence at the crime scene; an outliner configured to outline the at least one first image to obtain at least one first outline image, and to outline the second image to obtain a second outline image; a database configured to store the first outline image corresponding to related tool characteristic information; a matching unit configured to search the database for the first outline image determined to be similar to the second outline image and match them with each other; a display unit; and a user input unit.

Abstract: A method of generating artificial latent fingerprints for latent fingerprint development experiments includes: printing an artificially created fingerprint shape on paper for application to a target surface; thermally transferring the fingerprint shape printed on the paper to an etching plate by applying a certain range of heat and pressure to the paper on which the fingerprint shape is printed; forming a three-dimensional fingerprint shape on the etching plate by performing an etching process according to the fingerprint shape transferred to the etching plate; patterning the three-dimensional fingerprint shape formed on the etching plate with a molding member; and forming a latent fingerprint on the target surface using an artificial fingerprint solution from the three-dimensional fingerprint shape formed by patterning with the molding member.

Abstract: A developed fingerprint level determination apparatus includes: a fingerprint image acquisition unit configured to obtain at least two or more developed fingerprint images according to a fingerprint development technique; and a ridge level determination unit configured to check respective ridge development level information of the obtained fingerprint images and compare the respective ridge development level information with each other.

Abstract: A footprint generator capable of applying a constant force includes: a base plate in which a target surface may be on an upper surface of the base plate; a shoe mounting member that is apart from the upper surface of the base plate and capable of mounting a shoe; a driving unit that is apart from the upper surface of the base plate and capable of moving the shoe mounting member up and down; and a force measuring unit configured to measure an impact force when the shoe mounting member descends and contacts the shoe with the target surface to generate a footprint on the target surface.

Abstract: A method of generating artificial latent fingerprints for latent fingerprint development experiments includes: printing an artificially created fingerprint shape on paper for application to a target surface; thermally transferring the fingerprint shape printed on the paper to an etching plate by applying a certain range of heat and pressure to the paper on which the fingerprint shape is printed; forming a three-dimensional fingerprint shape on the etching plate by performing an etching process according to the fingerprint shape transferred to the etching plate; patterning the three-dimensional fingerprint shape formed on the etching plate with a molding member; and forming a latent fingerprint on the target surface using an artificial fingerprint solution from the three-dimensional fingerprint shape formed by patterning with the molding member.

Abstract: A fingerprint generator capable of applying a constant force includes: a base plate in which a target surface may be on an upper surface of the base plate; a fingerprint mounting unit that is apart from the upper surface of the base plate and capable of mounting a fingerprint molding body having a fingerprint shape thereon on a lower portion of the fingerprint mounting unit; a driving unit that is apart from the upper surface of the base plate and capable of moving the fingerprint mounting unit up and down; and a force measuring unit configured to measure an impact force when the fingerprint mounting unit descends and contacts the fingerprint shape with the target surface to generate a fingerprint on the target surface.