Abstract: Exemplary subpixel structures include a directional light-emitting diode structure characterized by a full-width-half-maximum (FWHM) of emitted light having a divergence angle of less than or about 10°. The subpixel structure further includes a lens positioned a first distance from the light-emitting diode structure, where the lens is shaped to focus the emitted light from the light-emitting diode structure. The subpixel structure still further includes a patterned light absorption barrier positioned a second distance from the lens. The patterned light absorption barrier defines an opening in the barrier, and the focal point of the light focused by the lens is positioned within the opening. The subpixels structures may be incorporated into a pixel structure, and pixel structures may be incorporated into a display that is free of a polarizer layer.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) deposition system includes two deposition chambers, a transfer chamber between the two deposition chambers, a metrology system having one or more sensors to perform measurements of the workpiece within the transfer chamber, and a control system to cause the system to form an organic light-emitting diode layer stack on the workpiece. Vacuum is maintained around the workpiece while the workpiece is transferred between the two deposition chambers and while retaining the workpiece within the transfer chamber. The control system is configured to cause the two deposition chambers to deposit two layers of organic material onto the workpiece, and to receive a first plurality of measurements of the workpiece in the transfer chamber from the metrology system.

Abstract: A light-emitting diode display including a substrate having a driving circuitry and a plurality of light emitting diode structures disposed on the substrate. Each light-emitting diode structure has a light emitting diode with a light emission zone having a planar portion, and a pigmentless light extraction layer of a UV-cured ink disposed over the light-emitting diode. The light extraction layer has a gradient in index of refraction along an axis normal to the planar portion, and the index of refraction of the light extraction layer decreases with distance from the planar portion.

Abstract: The present disclosure is generally related to 3D imaging capable OLED displays. A light field display comprises an array of 3D light field pixels, each of which comprises an array of corrugated OLED pixels, a metasurface layer disposed adjacent to the array of 3D light field pixels, and a plurality of median layers disposed between the metasurface layer and the corrugated OLED pixels. Each of the corrugated OLED pixels comprises primary or non-primary color subpixels, and produces a different view of an image through the median layers to the metasurface to form a 3D image. The corrugated OLED pixels combined with a cavity effect reduce a divergence of emitted light to enable effective beam direction manipulation by the metasurface. The metasurface having a higher refractive index and a smaller filling factor enables the deflection and direction of the emitted light from the corrugated OLED pixels to be well controlled.

Abstract: A photocurable composition includes a blue photoluminescent material, one or more monomers, and a photoinitiator that initiates polymerization of the one or more monomers in response to absorption of the ultraviolet light. The blue photoluminescent material is selected to absorb ultraviolet light with a maximum wavelength in a range of about 300 nm to about 430 nm and to emit blue light. The blue photoluminescent material also has an emission peak in a range of about 420 nm to about 480 nm. The full width at half maximum of the emission peak is less than 100 nm, and the photoluminescence quantum yield is in a range of 5% to 100%.

Abstract: A display screen includes a backplane, an array of light-emitting diodes electrically integrated with the backplane, the array of light-emitting diodes configured to emit UV light in a first wavelength range, and a plurality of isolation walls formed on the backplane between adjacent light-emitting diodes of the array of light-emitting diodes with the isolation walls spaced apart from the light-emitting diodes and extending above the light-emitting diodes. The plurality of isolation walls include a core of a first material and a coating covering at least a portion of the core extending above the light-emitting diodes. The coating is an opaque second material having transmittance less than 1% of light in the first wavelength range.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining a characteristic of a photoluminescent (PL) layer comprises: a light source that generates an excitation light that includes light from the visible or near-visible spectrum; an optical assembly configured to direct the excitation light onto a PL layer; a detector that is configured to receive a PL emission generated by the PL layer in response to the excitation light interacting with the PL layer and generate a signal based on the PL emission; and a computing device coupled to the detector and configured to receive the signal from the detector and determine a characteristic of the PL layer based on the signal.

Abstract: A display device includes a display layer having a plurality of light-emitting diodes and an encapsulation layer covering a light-emitting side of the display layer. The encapsulation layer includes a plurality of first polymer projections on display layer, the plurality of first polymer projections having spaces therebetween, and a first dielectric layer conformally covering the plurality of first polymer projections and any exposed underlying surface in the spaces between the first polymer projections, the dielectric layer forming side walls along sides of the first polymer projections and defining wells in spaces between the side walls.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) deposition system includes two deposition chambers, a transfer chamber between the two deposition chambers, a metrology system having one or more sensors to perform measurements of the workpiece within the transfer chamber, and a control system to cause the system to form an organic light-emitting diode layer stack on the workpiece. Vacuum is maintained around the workpiece while the workpiece is transferred between the two deposition chambers and while retaining the workpiece within the transfer chamber. The control system is configured to cause the two deposition chambers to deposit two layers of organic material onto the workpiece, and to receive a first plurality of measurements of the workpiece in the transfer chamber from the metrology system.

Abstract: A light-emitting device includes a plurality of light-emitting diodes, a first cured composition over a first subset of the light-emitting diodes, and a second cured composition over a second subset of light-emitting diodes. The first cured composition includes a first photopolymer and a blue photoluminescent material that is an organic, organometallic, or polymeric material, embedded in the first photopolymer. The second cured composition includes a second photopolymer and a nanomaterial embedded in the second photopolymer. The nanomaterial is selected to emit red or green light in response.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) deposition system includes two deposition chambers, a transfer chamber between the two deposition chambers, a metrology system having one or more sensors to perform measurements of the workpiece within the transfer chamber, and a control system to cause the system to form an organic light-emitting diode layer stack on the workpiece. Vacuum is maintained around the workpiece while the workpiece is transferred between the two deposition chambers and while retaining the workpiece within the transfer chamber. The control system is configured to cause the two deposition chambers to deposit two layers of organic material onto the workpiece, and to receive a first plurality of measurements of the workpiece in the transfer chamber from the metrology system.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to electroluminescent devices, such as organic light-emitting diodes, and displays including electroluminescent devices. In an embodiment is provided an electroluminescent device that includes a pixel defining layer, an organic emitting unit disposed over at least a portion of the pixel defining layer, and a filler layer disposed over at least a portion of the organic emitting unit, wherein a refractive index of the pixel defining layer is lower than a refractive index of the filler layer, and wherein the refractive index of the pixel defining layer is lower than a refractive index of one or more layers of the organic emitting unit. In another embodiment is provided a display device that includes a substrate, a thin film transistor formed on the substrate, an interconnection electrically coupled to the thin film transistor, and an electroluminescent device electrically coupled to the interconnection.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) deposition system includes two deposition chambers, a transfer chamber between the two deposition chambers, a metrology system having one or more sensors to perform measurements of the workpiece within the transfer chamber, and a control system to cause the system to form an organic light-emitting diode layer stack on the workpiece. Vacuum is maintained around the workpiece while the workpiece is transferred between the two deposition chambers and while retaining the workpiece within the transfer chamber. The control system is configured to cause the two deposition chambers to deposit two layers of organic material onto the workpiece, and to receive a first plurality of measurements of the workpiece in the transfer chamber from the metrology system.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining a characteristic of a photoluminescent (PL) layer comprises: a light source that generates an excitation light that includes light from the visible or near-visible spectrum; an optical assembly configured to direct the excitation light onto a PL layer; a detector that is configured to receive a PL emission generated by the PL layer in response to the excitation light interacting with the PL layer and generate a signal based on the PL emission; and a computing device coupled to the detector and configured to receive the signal from the detector and determine a characteristic of the PL layer based on the signal.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) device includes a substrate, a well structure on the substrate with the well structure having a recess with side walls and a floor, a lower metal layer covering the floor and side-walls of the well, an upper conductive layer on the lower metal layer covering the floor of the well and contacting the lower metal layer, the upper conductive layer having outer edges at about an intersection of the side walls and the floor, a dielectric layer formed of an oxide of the lower metal layer covering the side walls of the well without covering the upper conductive layer, a stack of OLED layers covering at least the floor of the well, the upper conductive layer providing an electrode for the stack of OLED layers, and a light extraction layer (LEL) in the well over the stack of OLED layers and the dielectric layer.

Abstract: A depositing arrangement for evaporation of a material is disclosed herein. The depositing arrangement has an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal for deposition of the material on a substrate. The deposition arrangement has a first chamber configured for liquefying the material; a valve being in fluid communication with the first chamber, and being downstream of the first chamber, wherein the valve is configured for control of the flow rate of the liquefied material through the valve. The deposition arrangement has an evaporation zone being in fluid communication with the valve, and being downstream of the valve, wherein the evaporation zone is configured for vaporizing the liquefied material; a heating unit to heat the material to higher temperatures before providing the liquid material in the evaporation zone; and one or more outlets for directing the vaporized material towards the substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining a characteristic of a photoluminescent (PL) layer comprises: a light source that generates an excitation light that includes light from the visible or near-visible spectrum; an optical assembly configured to direct the excitation light onto a PL layer; a detector that is configured to receive a PL emission generated by the PL layer in response to the excitation light interacting with the PL layer and generate a signal based on the PL emission; and a computing device coupled to the detector and configured to receive the signal from the detector and determine a characteristic of the PL layer based on the signal.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to an apparatus and methods for forming arrays of EL devices and forming the EL devices with overlapped mask plates. The methods utilize overlapping a first mask plate and a second mask plate to form a mask arrangement having first apertures of the first mask plate overlapped with second apertures of the second mask plate forming one or more opening areas. A material is evaporated through the mask arrangement such that layers of the material are formed in a device area of the EL devices. The device area of each of the EL devices corresponds to the opening area of the mask arrangement of the first mask plate and the second mask plate. The method described herein allows for a higher density of the EL devices and creates a smaller deposition area due to the opening area of the mask arrangement.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting diode (OLED) device includes a substrate, a well structure on the substrate with the well structure having a recess with side walls and a floor, a lower metal layer covering the floor and side-walls of the well, an upper conductive layer on the lower metal layer covering the floor of the well and contacting the lower metal layer, the upper conductive layer having outer edges at about an intersection of the side walls and the floor, a dielectric layer formed of an oxide of the lower metal layer covering the side walls of the well without covering the upper conductive layer, a stack of OLED layers covering at least the floor of the well, the upper conductive layer providing an electrode for the stack of OLED layers, and a light extraction layer (LEL) in the well over the stack of OLED layers and the dielectric layer.

Abstract: Exemplary subpixel structures include a directional light-emitting diode structure characterized by a full-width-half-maximum (FWHM) of emitted light having a divergence angle of less than or about 10°. The subpixel structure further includes a lens positioned a first distance from the light-emitting diode structure, where the lens is shaped to focus the emitted light from the light-emitting diode structure. The subpixel structure still further includes a patterned light absorption barrier positioned a second distance from the lens. The patterned light absorption barrier defines an opening in the barrier, and the focal point of the light focused by the lens is positioned within the opening. The subpixels structures may be incorporated into a pixel structure, and pixel structures may be incorporated into a display that is free of a polarizer layer.