Abstract: Provided herein are methods of treating, preventing, and managing metabolic or cardiovascular disorders and methods of reducing cardiovascular risk with FGF21 protein variants, including Fc-FGF21 variant fusion proteins.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods of treating, preventing, and managing metabolic or cardiovascular disorders and methods of reducing cardiovascular risk with FGF21 protein variants, including Fc-FGF21 variant fusion proteins.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to methods and compositions to generate a secondary iPS (2iPS) cell to produce somatic cells of a rare differentiation cell type fate. In some embodiments, the method relates to an increase in efficiency of differentiation and production of high yields of somatic cells of a rare differentiation cell type fate produced from secondary iPS (2iPS) cells as compared to their differentiation from other pluripotent stem cell sources such as ES cells or primary iPS cells. In some embodiments, the present invention relates to compositions, methods and systems for reprogramming a first somatic cell into a primary iPS cell, where the primary iPS cell is then differentiated along a selected linage to produce a second somatic cell, which is then reprogrammed to a secondary iPS cell (2iPS) cell. The 2iPS cell has a high efficiency of differentiating into a cell of the same cell type as the second somatic cell, e.g.