Abstract: This disclosure relates to the field of exosome delivery systems. In particular, compositions comprising adipose-derived exosomes that may be used as a delivery system are encompassed. The exosome delivery system can be used to deliver exogenous cargo such as miRNA and other inhibitory RNAs, as well as proteins, to target cells in a subject.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are exosomal sorting motifs and cellular retention motifs for microRNAs. Methods of use for directing miRNA to exosomes or retaining miRNA in cells are also disclosed.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to the field of exosome delivery systems. In particular, compositions comprising adipose-derived exosomes that may be used as a delivery system are encompassed. The exosome delivery system can be used to deliver exogenous cargo such as miRNA and other inhibitory RNAs, as well as proteins, to target cells in a subject.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of inducing differentiation of stem into myogenic cells without gene manipulation and for inducing proliferation of satellite cells. The cells can be used as a source of cells for transplantation in a subject in need thereof. Also disclosed is a screening assay for screening test compounds using blastomere cultures.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of inducing differentiation of stem into myogenic cells without gene manipulation and for inducing proliferation of satellite cells. The cells can be used as a source of cells for transplantation in a subject in need thereof. Also disclosed is a screening assay for screening test compounds using blastomere cultures.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions for the induction of expression of UCP1 independent of lipid accumulation. The invention, in particular, features methods for converting FGF receptive cells, e.g., preadipocyte cells, into energy consuming cells through FGF-mediated UCP1 expression. The invention further provides methods and compositions for treating metabolic disorders with an FGF receptor agonist, (e.g., an FGF protein, or fragment thereof, a nucleic acid encoding an FGF protein, an FGF mimetic, an anti-FGF receptor agonist antibody, or antigen binding fragment thereof), or a cell contacted with an FGF receptor agonist, including FGF6.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for increasing insulin sensitivity in a subject. A method may comprise administering to a subject in need of increased insulin sensitivity a therapeutically effective amount of a glypican-4 agent. Also provided herein are methods for determining whether a subject is or is likely to become insulin resistant. A method may comprise determining the level of glypican-4 in a subject, wherein an elevated level of glypican-4 indicates that a subject is or is likely to become insulin resistant.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating obesity and related disorders. The methods include the use of stem cells treated with BMP-2, -4, -5, -6 and/or -7.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating obesity and related disorders. The methods include the use of BMP-2, -4, -6 and -7.

Abstract: The present invention is based in part on the discovery of brown and white fat cell specific surface markers. It has been found that the small amino acid transporter Slca10/Asc1 is a specific surface marker for white adipocytes and that the ligand-gated ion channel P2X5 and the small amino acid transporter Slc36a2 are specific surface markers for brown adipocytes. Having identified these specific white and brown cell surface markers, the present invention provides compositions and methods suitable for the targeting of any number of agents to a white or brown adipose tissue and the identification and isolation of white or brown adipocytes for any number of uses including therapeutic, screening and diagnostic purposes.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of inducing differentiation of stem into myogenic cells without gene manipulation and for inducing proliferation of satellite cells. The cells can be used as a source of cells for transplantation in a subject in need thereof. Also disclosed is a screening assay for screening test compounds using blastomere cultures.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for increasing insulin sensitivity in a subject. A method may comprise administering to a subject in need of increased insulin sensitivity a therapeutically effective amount of a glypican-4 agent. Also provided herein are methods for determining whether a subject is or is likely to become insulin resistant. A method may comprise determining the level of glypican-4 in a subject, wherein an elevated level of glypican-4 indicates that a subject is or is likely to become insulin resistant.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating obesity and related disorders. The methods include the use of stem cells treated with BMP-2, -4, -5, -6 and/or -7.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for treating neural dysfunction. A exemplary method comprises administering to a subject having a neuropathy, e.g., a cognitive dysfunction or Alzheimer's, a therapeutically effective amount of an insulin or insulin analog, wherein the insulin or insulin analog crosses the BBB and/or a compound that increases SREBP-2 expression or activity in the CNS of the subject.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods for treating insulin resistance and/or obesity in a cell and/or a subject

Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating obesity and related disorders. The methods include the use of BMP-2, -4, -6 and -7.

Abstract: Described are methods of improving insulin sensitivity, and treating fatty liver disease (including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)), by administering specific inhibitors of PKC delta.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to compositions and methods for treating insulin resistance and/or obesity in a cell and/or a subject.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating obesity and related disorders. The methods include the use of BMP-2, -4, -6 and -7.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating obesity and related disorders. The methods include the use of BMP-2, -4, -6 and -7.