Abstract: A system and method for reducing the power dissipated in an Analog to Digital Converter (ADC). The method includes the steps of: receiving a residue output from a previous phase of a plurality of clock phases where the plurality of clock phases includes a sample-and-hold phase and an amplifying phase for sampling and amplifying an analog input signal respectively, eliminating an effect of load on a residue amplifier when amplifying the residue output to generate an amplified residue output in the amplifying phase, and eliminating an effect of small feedback factor when sampling the amplified residue output in the sample-and-hold phase. Power advantage is achieved by sharing the load on the residue amplifier across the sample-and-hold phase and the amplifying phase rather than being fully present in any one of the clock phases. The present invention also provides a method for reducing the number of comparators used in ADCs.

Abstract: Methods and systems for input voltage droop compensation in video/graphics front-end systems. The method of an embodiment of the invention captures input voltage information supplied to an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) operatively coupled to a bypass capacitor in a video/graphics front-end system; calculates a droop in the input voltage in ADC due to a charge sharing between an input sampling capacitor of the ADC and the bypass capacitor; and compensates for the value of the bypass capacitor using an output of the ADC. Embodiments of the invention provide an improved freedom in the choice of off-chip bypass capacitance in video/graphics front-end systems.

Abstract: Methods and systems for input voltage droop compensation in video/graphics front-end systems. The method of an embodiment of the invention captures input voltage information supplied to an Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) operatively coupled to a bypass capacitor in a video/graphics front-end system; calculates a droop in the input voltage in ADC due to a charge sharing between an input sampling capacitor of the ADC and the bypass capacitor; and compensates for the value of the bypass capacitor using an output of the ADC. Embodiments of the invention provide an improved freedom in the choice of off-chip bypass capacitance in video/graphics front-end systems.

Abstract: A system and method for improving the dynamic performance in an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) by randomizing the differential mismatch. The differential mismatch in an input analog signal is randomized by flipping the input signal and output signal randomly.

Abstract: A simulator for simulating a digital circuit, includes an input circuit for inputting a test patterns to describe the characteristics of the digital circuit and for inputting input signals to test the operation of digital circuit and output signals to describe the expected output of the digital circuit based on the input signals, an applying circuit to apply the input signal to test the operation of the digital circuit to the test patterns to describe the characteristics of the digital circuit to form a simulated output signal to indicate a response based on the test pattern, a comparator circuit to compare the simulated output signal with the output signal to describe the expected output of the digital circuit based on the input signals to determine a difference between the simulated output signal and the output signals, wherein the operation of the simulation is stopped if the difference is greater than a predetermined difference.

Abstract: Where is provided a process for preparing extracellular endoxylanase that is stable and active at high alkaline pH. The process includes growing a Ccphalosporium strain on xylan rich natural media supplemented with nitrogen-rich nutrients at high alkaline pH either by submerged or semisolid fermentation. The Cephalosporium strain has been isolated from humus rich soil collected from Ganeshkind, Pune, India and growing at high alkaline pH in a range of from 5 to 10. The strain produces an extrcelluar-cellulase-free xylanase stable and active at high alkaline pH ranging from 5 to 10.

Abstract: Novel indole compounds inhibit HIV reverse transcriptase, and are useful in the prevention or treatment of infection by HIV and the treatment of AIDS, either as compounds or pharmaceutical composition ingredients, whether or not in combination with other antivirals, anti-infectives, immunomodulators, antibiotics or vaccines. Methods of treating AIDS and methods of preventing or treating infection by HIV are also described.