Abstract: A test device for rigid-flexible characteristics of a rigid-flexible transition overhead conductor rail, includes a movable vehicle moved in a length extending direction of the overhead conductor rail. A telescopic mechanism for providing lifting force for the overhead conductor rail is mounted on the movable vehicle and stretches out and draws back in a vertical direction, and a conversion plate is connected to a top end of the telescopic mechanism and synchronously moved in the vertical direction therewith. A sliding assembly is mounted at a top of the conversion plate and slides along the overhead conductor rail with the movable vehicle. The overhead conductor rail is located over the sliding assembly which abuts against a bottom wall of the overhead conductor rail. A force sensor is arranged between the telescopic mechanism and the conversion plate. A displacement detection mechanism is arranged on the conversion plate.