Abstract: A method comprises: digitizing a signal to produce a reference frame of amplitude samples in a time-domain; generating a spectrogram that includes energy content of the reference frame, represented by amplitude and phase, across frequency and time of the spectrogram; detecting regions of the spectrogram that have energy levels greater than a threshold level to produce detected regions; copying energy content from the detected regions into an energy vector; and performing an Inverse Fourier transform (IFT) based on the energy vector to transform the energy vector into in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) (IQ) samples in the time-domain.

Abstract: The Applicant has discovered a cytokine profile that can accurately distinguish between ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) in a subject having, or having symptoms of, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The profile of ulcerative colitis is increased IL-10 levels (compared with a reference IL-10 level, and decreased IL-23 levels (compared with a reference IL-23 level). The cytokine profile can be detected at a protein or genomic level, and is generally determined from a peripheral blood sample (i.e. a blood fraction such as serum, plasma, or blood cells such as peripheral blood mononuclear cells). Distinguishing between UC and CD in a subject with IBD allows a clinician prescribe a suitable therapeutic regime for the subject using a non-invasive blood test, and avoiding the need for scoping or tissue biopsy, which are undesirable for the subject. The cytokine profile can also be used to monitor a therapeutic regime for effectiveness.

Abstract: Nyquist folding receivers (NYFRs) are disclosed that use three or more non-modulated sampling clock signals with different frequencies to produce multiple projections in a sampled output. Using these three or more different sampling clock signals, multiple Nyquist zones are aliased together while still allowing signals from different Nyquist zones to be separated and identified in later processing based upon the sampling provided by the different sampling clock signals. NYFR sampling receivers are also disclosed that simultaneously produce multiple separate and different parallel channels from an input signal, with each different channel having a different sampling clock sampling rate from the other channels so as to generate a respective folding pattern that is different from the folding pattern generated by the respective RF sampling rate of each of the other simultaneous and parallel channels.

Abstract: Nyquist folding receivers (NYFRs) are disclosed that use three or more non-modulated sampling clock signals with different frequencies to produce multiple projections in a sampled output. Using these three or more different sampling clock signals, multiple Nyquist zones are aliased together while still allowing signals from different Nyquist zones to be separated and identified in later processing based upon the sampling provided by the different sampling clock signals. NYFR sampling receivers are also disclosed that simultaneously produce multiple separate and different parallel channels from an input signal, with each different channel having a different sampling clock sampling rate from the other channels so as to generate a respective folding pattern that is different from the folding pattern generated by the respective RF sampling rate of each of the other simultaneous and parallel channels.

Abstract: A method of determining the risk that a subject that has been diagnosed with rectal cancer has stage III rectal cancer is described. The method includes determining the expression levels of a plurality of differentially expressed genes in a rectal cancer sample from the subject, comparing the expression levels of the plurality of genes with the corresponding controls, and characterizing the subject as having an increased risk of having stage III rectal cancer if the expression levels of the genes are increased or decreased compared to the corresponding control values. The inventor has determined which genes are expressed at higher or lower levels by a subject who has stage III rectal cancer. Microarrays and kits for staging subjects are also provided.

Abstract: A device includes a temperature-sensitive material disposed between a first substrate and a second substrate. A metal-containing seal is disposed perimetrically between the first and second substrates. In addition, a method of forming a device includes providing a temperature-sensitive material between a first substrate and a second substrate. The method also includes applying an electromagnetic field, which inductively heats a metal-containing material that is disposed between the first and second substrates without heating the temperature sensitive material to a temperature greater than a threshold temperature.

Abstract: A method of joining optical fiber preforms is disclosed wherein the optical fiber preforms are butt-welded by heating the opposing endfaces of the preforms with a heat source comprising an electric arc formed across a gap between the opposing endfaces, the electric arc being formed between at least two opposing electrodes, and thereafter contacting the opposing endfaces to join the preforms and form an elongated optical fiber preform. The elongated optical fiber preform may then be drawn into an optical fiber. Also disclosed is an apparatus for joining optical fiber preforms, and an optical fiber draw tower including the joining apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical fiber having a core with an alkali metal oxide dopant in an peak amount greater than about 0.002 wt. % and less than about 0.1 wt. %. The alkali metal oxide concentration varies with a radius of the optical fiber. By appropriately selecting the concentration of alkali metal oxide dopant in the core and the cladding, a low loss optical fiber may be obtained. Also disclosed are several methods of making the optical fiber including the steps of forming an alkali metal oxide-doped rod, and adding additional glass to form a draw perform. Preferably, the draw preform has a final outer dimension (d2), wherein an outer dimension (d1) of the rod is less than or equal to 0.06 times the final outer dimension (d2). In a preferred embodiment, the alkali metal oxide-doped rod is inserted into the centerline hole of a preform to form an assembly.

Abstract: An exercise rowing machine uses a flywheel as a resistance member and has cam sector arms which are pivoted to rotate with the machine's oars. A bicycle-type chain is pulled to drive a sprocket drive on the flywheel when the oars are stroked. The arcuate shape of the cam sector arms provides a constant resistance force to the stroke of the oars over the oar sweep. The position of the foot stretcher plate is adjustable. A shroud for the flywheel has an adjustable throttle or shutter to control air flow and thus adjust the amount of resistance.