Abstract: A retention structure can be created using two or more different materials (e.g., one magnetic material, and one non-magnetic material) as a composite structure. The retention structure can include a cylindrical hoop comprising one or more one or magnetic regions tangentially alternating with one or more non-magnetic regions configured to surround and retain a plurality of magnets to a rotor, wherein the one or more magnetic regions are aligned with each one of the plurality of magnets and the one or more non-magnetic regions are aligned with one or more spaces between the plurality of magnets on the rotor. The magnetic material allows flux from the permanent magnets to flow through to the stators and the non-magnetic sections reduce leakage of magnetic flux to adjoining permanent magnets through use of non-magnetic materials. The retention structure can be fabricated using a hot isostatic press process.

Abstract: An electric machine may include a housing that encloses both a radial motor producing radial flux in a first direction, the radial flux influences a first magnetic unit to produce a first torque on a rotor arm attached to a shaft. The housing can also include an axial motor producing axial flux in a second direction to influence a second magnetic unit to produce a second torque on the rotor arm attached to the shaft, wherein the radial motor and the axial motor are positioned in the housing to reduce cross magnetic flux from either the radial motor or the axial motor. The primary radial motor can include either a permanent magnetic motor or an induction motor. The secondary radial motor can include one of a permanent magnet motor, an induction motor, or a transverse flux motor. The current and phase of primary and secondary motors can be independently controllable.