Abstract: According to an aspect of an embodiment, operations may include receiving a first Ethernet signal having a first data rate less than a second data rate, the second data rate being a ZR data rate. The operations may also include dividing the first Ethernet signal into a plurality of first-signal sub-signals that each have a third data rate that is less than the first data rate. Moreover, the operations may include generating a second Ethernet signal having the second data rate, the generating of the second Ethernet signal being based on the plurality of first-signal sub-signals such that the second Ethernet signal includes the plurality of first-signal sub-signals. Further, the operations may include providing the second Ethernet signal to a ZR network such that the second Ethernet signal is a ZR signal.

Abstract: A method may include sending a first machine learning model to one or more optical systems in which the first machine learning model is configured to predict span losses in the optical systems. Each respective optical system may be configured to identify the span losses associated with the respective optical system and locally train the first machine learning model according to the respective identified span losses to obtain a respective local first machine learning model that includes one or more respective local model parameters. The method may include obtaining the respective local model parameters from each respective optical system without obtaining the corresponding respective locally trained first machine learning model. The method may also include generating a second machine learning model based on the obtained local model parameters. The second machine learning model may be used to predict occurrences of span losses corresponding to a given optical system.

Abstract: According to an aspect of an embodiment, operations may include receiving a first Ethernet signal having a first data rate less than a second data rate, the second data rate being a ZR data rate. The operations may also include dividing the first Ethernet signal into a plurality of first-signal sub-signals that each have a third data rate that is less than the first data rate. Moreover, the operations may include generating a second Ethernet signal having the second data rate, the generating of the second Ethernet signal being based on the plurality of first-signal sub-signals such that the second Ethernet signal includes the plurality of first-signal sub-signals. Further, the operations may include providing the second Ethernet signal to a ZR network such that the second Ethernet signal is a ZR signal.

Abstract: Systems and methods for analyzing performance in a transport network may identify, in a log file, multiple log template types, each type including a respective fixed element present in all entries of that type, and create a data structure representing a finite state automaton in which each node represents the writing of log entries of a respective type into the log file. The order of nodes may correspond to the order in which the log entries were written, and each edge may connect nodes representing sequentially written entries. The systems and methods may remove nodes for which the indegree is less than a minimum indegree, identify, based on the pruned data structure, a repeated pattern in the log file including an ordered sequence of log entries of particular types, detect a deviation from the repeated pattern, and identify, based on detecting the deviation, an anomaly in the transport network.

Abstract: A computational method and system for estimating port delays in a network may use a data-driven estimation with quadratic programming based on available network path data that is already collected. In this manner, port delays for each individual port in the network may be estimated without having to measure each individual port using sensors.

Abstract: A computational method and system for identifying bad ports in a network may use a neural network learning function based on available network path data that is already collected. In this manner, bad ports in the network may be identified without having to measure each individual port using sensors.

Abstract: A computational method and system for identifying bad ports in a network may use a neural network learning function based on available network path data that is already collected. In this manner, bad ports in the network may be identified without having to measure each individual port using sensors.

Abstract: A computational method and system for estimating port delays in a network may use a data-driven estimation with quadratic programming based on available network path data that is already collected. In this manner, port delays for each individual port in the network may be estimated without having to measure each individual port using sensors.

Abstract: A method and system for performing synthetic loss measurements (SLM) includes methods for single-ended and dual-ended synthetic loss measurements. The methods include maintaining a session number indicative of a physical network component at each maintenance point used to perform synthetic loss measurements. The session numbers are maintained according to a novel protocol and are used to detect a change in the network component, such as resulting from a protection switch event. The session numbers enable the synthetic loss measurements to continue irrespective of changes in the values for the session numbers and to remove errors when computing frame loss that may arise when physical network components change. The disclosed methods and systems may be used when a link aggregation group exists between a local maintenance point and a remote maintenance point.

Abstract: A method may include receiving, at a network interface of a first network element, an Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) message from a second network element. The method may also include updating first multicast group data associated with the network interface based on the received IGMP message, the first multicast group data including one or more entries setting forth a multicast group and one or more other network elements which are members of the multicast group. The method may additionally include determining whether the second network element is the sole member of its multicast group based on the IGMP message and the first multicast group data. The method may further include forwarding the IGMP message to a switching element of the first network element in response to determining that the second network element is the sole member of its multicast group, the switching element communicatively coupled to the network interface.

Abstract: A method and system for performing synthetic loss measurements (SLM) includes methods for single-ended and dual-ended synthetic loss measurements. The methods include maintaining a session number indicative of a physical network component at each maintenance point used to perform synthetic loss measurements. The session numbers are maintained according to a novel protocol and are used to detect a change in the network component, such as resulting from a protection switch event. The session numbers enable the synthetic loss measurements to continue irrespective of changes in the values for the session numbers and to remove errors when computing frame loss that may arise when physical network components change. The disclosed methods and systems may be used when a link aggregation group exists between a local maintenance point and a remote maintenance point.

Abstract: A method and system for performing synthetic loss measurements (SLM) includes methods for single-ended and dual-ended synthetic loss measurements. The methods include maintaining a session number indicative of a physical network component at each maintenance point used to perform synthetic loss measurements. The session numbers are maintained according to a novel protocol and are used to detect a change in the network component, such as resulting from a protection switch event. The session numbers enable the synthetic loss measurements to continue irrespective of changes in the values for the session numbers and to remove errors when computing frame loss that may arise when physical network components change. The disclosed methods and systems may be used when a link aggregation group exists between a local maintenance point and a remote maintenance point.

Abstract: A method may include determining a first number of events occurring during a first threshold detection duration. The method may further include causing processing of events to cease for a particular throttling duration in response to determining that the first number of events occurring during the threshold detection duration is greater than a predetermined threshold. The method may also include determining a second number of events occurring during a second threshold detection duration. Additionally, the method may include, in response to determining that the first number of events occurring during the first threshold detection duration is greater than the predetermined threshold and that the second number of events occurring during the second threshold detection duration is greater than the predetermined threshold: increasing the time of the particular throttling duration; and causing processing of events to cease for the increased particular throttling duration.

Abstract: A method and system for performing synthetic loss measurements (SLM) includes methods for single-ended and dual-ended synthetic loss measurements. The methods include maintaining a session number indicative of a physical network component at each maintenance point used to perform synthetic loss measurements. The session numbers are maintained according to a novel protocol and are used to detect a change in the network component, such as resulting from a protection switch event. The session numbers enable the synthetic loss measurements to continue irrespective of changes in the values for the session numbers and to remove errors when computing frame loss that may arise when physical network components change. The disclosed methods and systems may be used when a link aggregation group exists between a local maintenance point and a remote maintenance point.

Abstract: In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, a method is provided for communicating multicast traffic. The method may include in response to receipt of multicast control traffic at a network element to be communicated to a protection switching group, communicating the multicast control traffic to each of a working path and a protection path of the protection switching group. The method may also include in response to receipt of multicast control traffic via either of the working path and the protection path, processing the multicast control traffic as if the multicast control traffic was received via both the working path and the protection path.

Abstract: In accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, a method may include designating one of at least one maintenance point associated with a physical port of a line card as a primary maintenance point, the primary maintenance point comprising either a UP-Maintenance Entity Group End Point (UP-MEP) or one Maintenance Entity Group Intermediate Point (MIP). The method may also include configuring the line card such that the line card stores source addresses of Service Operation, Administration, and Management (SOAM) frames communicated by the primary maintenance point. The method may further include configuring the line card such that the line card does not store source addresses of Service Operation, Administration, and Management frames communicated by maintenance points associated with the physical port other than the primary maintenance point.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a method may include communicating an alarm suppression indication trigger message from a maintenance end point to an alarm indication suppression generator. The method may further include communicating, by the alarm indication suppression generator in response to receiving the alarm indication trigger message, an alarm indication suppression message to at least one flow point that has alarm indication suppression enabled for the maintenance end point such that the alarm indication suppression message is received by at least one other maintenance end point upstream of the maintenance end point.

Abstract: A method and system for masking defects within a network are disclosed. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a method for masking defects within a network comprises detecting by a service entity defects within a network. The method further comprises determining a number of detected defects associated with a network component included in the network. The method further comprises generating by the network component a summary alarm if the number of detected defects within the network is greater than a first threshold.

Abstract: A method and system for reporting defects within a network are disclosed. In accordance with an embodiment of the present invention, a method for reporting defects within a network comprises generating a summary alarm by a network element based on defects detected within a network. The method further comprises receiving at the network element a first request for the detected defects within the network from a network management system in response to generation of the summary alarm. The method further comprises reporting the detected defects by the network element in response to the first request from the network management system.

Abstract: A method may include receiving, at a network interface of a first network element, an Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) message from a second network element. The method may also include updating first multicast group data associated with the network interface based on the received IGMP message, the first multicast group data including one or more entries setting forth a multicast group and one or more other network elements which are members of the multicast group. The method may additionally include determining whether the second network element is the sole member of its multicast group based on the IGMP message and the first multicast group data. The method may further include forwarding the IGMP message to a switching element of the first network element in response to determining that the second network element is the sole member of its multicast group, the switching element communicatively coupled to the network interface.