Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for exploiting modern controls, sensors and actuators to realize a novel family of in-line two-wheeled vehicles (Twills) as robots. Each robot has a front-wheel with a substantially horizontal axis of rotation and a substantially vertical steering axis. The front-wheel with its substantially vertical steering axis has a steering-angle that can be sensed by one or more sensors. There is a rear-wheel with a substantially horizontal axis of rotation. A control module stabilizes the roll angle when the robot is in a forward motion as well as when it is substantially or fully stopped. One or both the wheels of the robot may be endowed by a steering motor for steering and a traction motor for providing traction/torque to the wheel.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for exploiting modern controls, sensors and actuators to realize a novel family of in-line two-wheeled vehicles (Twills) as robots. Each robot has a front-wheel with a substantially horizontal axis of rotation and a substantially vertical steering axis. The front-wheel with its substantially vertical steering axis has a steering-angle that can be sensed by one or more sensors. There is a rear-wheel with a substantially horizontal axis of rotation. A control module stabilizes the roll angle when the robot is in a forward motion or when it is stopped. There is an energy source to power the controls and to drive one or both the front and rear wheels.

Abstract: A family of vehicles is presented which exploit dynamic controls to stabilize in-line two wheeled vehicles. The stabilization results in improved safety at high speeds and on uncooperative surfaces. Stabilization affords balance at zero speed without auxiliary support means. Transformational wheel base length affords high visibility at low speeds and low drag at high speeds. In wheel chair configurations transforming wheel base length allows navigation up and down stairs.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for exploiting modern controls, sensors and actuators to realize a novel family of in-line two-wheeled vehicles (Twills) as robots. Each robot has a front-wheel with a substantially horizontal axis of rotation and a substantially vertical steering axis. The front-wheel with its substantially vertical steering axis has a steering-angle that can be sensed by one or more sensors. There is a rear-wheel with a substantially horizontal axis of rotation. A control module stabilizes the roll angle when the robot is in a forward motion or when it is stopped. There is an energy source to power the controls and to drive one or both the front and rear wheels.

Abstract: A novel robotic platform is presented with the characteristics of only two wheels establishing a stable and unstable axis. Stability of the unstable axis is provided by controlling the steering while driving in the direction of the stable axis. Stability while stopped is provided by setting one or both of the wheels oblique to the stable axis and controlling the traction angle of the wheels. High control authority is thus provided while standing and while underway without sensitivity to the driving surface.

Abstract: Practical electric-powered propulsion systems, associated operator-control systems, and modification methods enable conventional surfboards (and similar small watercraft) to be converted for water-jet propulsion. Wireless controls are integrated with wearable marine accessories such as modified neoprene or fabric gloves, armbands, wristbands, hand straps, or gauntlets. Safely immersible, wet-swappable high-power battery packs facilitate extended use of electric propulsion in surf. Compact integrated electronic control units incorporate motor controllers, wireless receivers, and control logic. On-board power, propulsion, and control components are positioned and installed to avoid disrupting the shape of the watercraft body so as to minimize added hydrodynamic drag and perceived differences from a traditional unpowered version of the watercraft in appearance, balance, or performance.

Abstract: A family of vehicles is presented which exploit dynamic controls to stabilize in-line two wheeled vehicles. The stabilization results in improved safety at high speeds and on uncooperative surfaces. Stabilization affords balance at zero speed without auxiliary support means. Transformational wheel base length affords high visibility at low speeds and low drag at high speeds. In wheel chair configurations transforming wheel base length allows navigation up and down stairs.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are presented for a microscopic valve. The valve is electronically activated. Sensors for detecting objects in the flow may be external or formed in the channels of the valve. Many valves can be formed in parallel and in sequence on a single substrate. Multiple channels may feed each junction. Closure of the valve is accomplished by the formation of a vapor bubble or bubbles. Virtual walls may be formed by a sequence of bubbles. Logic and driver circuitry for producing bubbles may be external or included in the substrate. Such an array is ideally suited for sorting cells. Other materials in a suspension may also be sorted by a variety of criteria. A multi lumen output can produce a continuous distribution of cells or particles thus sorted.